respect would be permissible. The Board also believed that all piling 

 and timber in the proposed groins should be of creosoted timber or 

 other timber equally resistant to the action of marine borers. The 

 Board emphasized the importance of anchoring the groins into the dunes ■ 

 to prevent outflanking. The Board concluded that palmetto log groins 

 of the design tested are less effective and mere costly on an annual 

 basis than treated timber sheet-pile groins. 



The cooperating agency did not desire an economic analysis of 

 plans for protection and improvement. As the Board had not studied the 

 economic justification of protective measures for the beaches of South 

 Carolina, it could not make recommendations for construction of such 

 measures. However, the Board was of the opinion that: a) the public 

 interest in the Tirork is not sufficient to warrant Federal assistance 

 at this time J b) adoption of Federal projects for the localities is in- 

 advisable) and c) no share of the expense of the measures should be 

 borne by the United States. 



STATE OF OHIO-FAIRPORT TO ASHTABUU 



The area studied is located in Lake and Ashtabula Counties on the 

 south shore of Lake Erie from about 30 to 57 miles east of Cleveland, 

 Ohio. It extends from just east of the mouth of the Grand River to 

 just east of the mouth of Ashtabula River, a distance of about 26.5 

 miles, Fairport and Ashtabula Harbors, which have been improved by the 

 United States for navigation, are located at the mouths of these rivers. 

 Lake and Ashtabula Counties had populations of about 50,000 and 69,000 

 respectively in 1940 . The principal centers of population are the 

 cities of Painesville and Ashtabula which had populations in 194-0 of about 

 12,000 and 21,000 respectively. Except for industrial developnBnt in 

 Painesville Township, the property along the shore line of the study 

 area has been developed mainly for private residential and recreational 

 purposes. The population of the area is increased considerably by 

 summer visitors. Inland areas are devoted mainly to agricultural uses. 

 The shore is publicly ovmed at parks in Painesville, Perry, Madison, 

 Geneva, Saybrook and .Ashtabula Townships and in the city of Ashtabula, 

 All are used for recreational purposes. The park beaches are generally 

 narrow except at Vfelnut Park just vrest of Ashtabula Harbor west break- 

 water. 



The shore line of the study area consists principally of eroding 

 bluffs averaging about AO feet high of clay, silt, sand and gravel 

 fronted by narrow beaches of sand and gravel. Analysis of samples of 

 bluff material indicated that in general approximately 25 per cent 

 of the material is suitable for beach building <. Rapid erosion of the 

 bluffs nakes available a considerable volume of beach material* West 

 of Ashtabula Harbor a wide beach has foimed by accretion caused by the 

 harbor structures . Miscellaneous groins and seawalls have been con- 

 structed in an attempt to prevent erosion of t he shore. Short groins 

 have generally caused accretion on their west sides and have reduced 

 recession of the bluffs to some extent. The pronounced accretion west 



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