CL£\rELAND AND LAKEITOOD, OHIO 



Cleveland 5 the largest city in Ohio 5 is an important manufacturing 

 and shipping center, and in 19-40 had a population of 878,336« Cleveland 

 is located on the south shore of Lake Erie about 100 miles east of 

 Iblddo, Ohio, and ISO miles vrest of BuffalOj Nev/ Yorko The shore line 

 in the study area extends generally in a northeasterly to southwesterly 

 direction o 



Ttie study area, comprising the lake frontage between the west city 

 limit of Lakewood and the east city limit of Cleveland, is 18 miles in 

 lengtho Tlie most v^esterly 3 miles are located in Lakewoodo The Lake- 

 wood frontage and an additional 2|- miles in Cleveland to Edgewater Park 

 consist of almost vertical shale bluffs, 30 to 60 feet high, which rise 

 directly out of the lake except for short sections v/here they are front- 

 ed by narrow sand and gravel beaches „ At Edgewater Park the beach of 

 fine sand is about | mile longo East of Edgewater Park, Cleveland 

 Outer Harbor is formed by a breakwater about 5 miles loag located 1,600 

 to 2,4.00 feet offshore o The waterfront inside the harbor is generally 

 developed for commercial purposes; the Cuyahoga River empties into this 

 harboTo Just east of the Outer Harbor, Gordon Park has a lake frontage 

 of about 3A Tnile„ Most of this frontage is bordered by a highway and 

 is protected by stone vails „ The remainder consists of a rapidly erod- 

 ing clay bluff o The next 2^ miles of shore lie in the village of 

 Bratenahl and are mostly protected by private sea walls „ The shore 

 line between Gordon Park and Cleveland east city line consists in 

 general of low, easily eroded silt and clay bluffs fronted by a few 

 short stretches of narrow sand and gravel beaches » Many breakwaters, 

 groins, sea walls and bulkheads are located along this shore. East of 

 Bratenahl are located the f-Tiite City Park and Wildwood Park public 

 beaches and Euclid Ifeach, a privately owned amusement parko The 

 remainder of the shore line is privately owned and is developed mainly 

 for residential purposes o The publicly owned bathing beaches at Edge- 

 water, Gordon, »'/hite City and Vrildwood Parks are accessible -without 

 charge. 



Pollution from nearby sewers impairs the attractiveness and 

 usability of all the beach areas, but the City of Cleveland is taking 

 all reasonable steps to make available for bathing purposes satisfactory 

 beaches mthin its city limits » The U„ So Public Health Service coop- 

 erated in the investigation of sanitary conditions at the beaches. It 

 concluded that there is reasonable assurance that beaches satisfactory 

 from a sanitary standpoint for bathing purposes will be available in 

 Cleveland and that in its opinion Federal participation in shore improve- 

 ment and protection at Cleveland should not be dropped for reasons con- 

 nected yd.th the sanitary quality of bathing beach waters. 



The District Engineer considered the desires of the cooperating 

 agency, studied the sources and movement of beach material, the changes 

 in the shore line and offshore bottom, the effects of vrinds, storms, 



