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THE EFFEaS OF MARINE ORGANISMS ON ENGINEERINq<MATERIALS FOR 

 DEEP-OCEAN USE » 



Y-ROn-01-042 



Type C 



by 



James S. Muraoka 



OBJECT OF TASK 



To detetmine the effects of pelagic and benthic marine organisms upon 

 engineering materials for use in deep-ocean environments. 



ABSTRACT 



A literature survey was made of the effects of marine organisms on various 

 types of engineering materials, particularly in deep-ocean environments. Numerous 

 materials such as manila ropes, cotton fishing nets, petroleum hydrocarbons, rubber 

 products, steel, submarine cables (telegraph and telephone), concrete, and cork 

 (floats) have been attacked and destroyed by various marine organisms in various 

 depths, from shallow protected waters to ocean depths exceeding 7,200 feet. 

 Marine organisms which have been observed to be responsible for the destruction of 

 these materials include species of wood- and rock-burrowing animals, purple sea 

 urchins, sharks, fish, and microorganisms. 



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