Table of Contents 



ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ix 



LIST OF SYMBOLS x 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii 



1. INTRODUCTION 1 



2. APPLICATIONS 4 



3. PREVIOUS WORK 7 



A. STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS 11 



A. Statistical Measures of Roughness 11 



B. Validity of Measurement Over Large Areas 16 



C. Functional Representation of Spectra 19 



D. Extension of Model into High Frequencies 28 



E. Effect of Linear Features 32 



F. Summary 42 



