LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



vu 



85. Panoramic View OF Bogota; taken from 



THE East ..... 



86. Adinmi,strative Divisions of Colombia 



87. Disputed Frontiers of Ecuador 



88. Double Chain of Ecuadorean Vole kinoes 



89. Chimborazo ..... 



90. Geoloo-ical Formation of Ecuador . 



91. Confluence of the Guayaquil hiivers 



92. TungTiragua and Pastaza Gorge 



93 . Rainfall and Forests of Ecuador 



9i. Ecuador Scenery ; View taken on the 

 Banks of the Pastaza east of Altar 



95. Indigenous Populations of Ecuador 



96. Ancon de las Sardinas 



97. Quito and its Environs 



98. Esmeraldas 



99. Guayaquil Estuary . 



100. Cuenca Basin . 



101. Loja Mountains 



102. Political Divisions of Ecuador 



103. Galapagos Archipelago . 



104. Volcanic Group of Albemarle Island 



105. Sf'ENERY IN Indefatigable Island, Gala 



PAGOs Archipelago 



106. Chatham Islnnd 



107. Frontiers of Peru 



108. Drainage Area of Huaylas 



109. Zones of Altitude, Peru . 



110. Amotape Mountains 



111. Ports of Chimbote and Casma . 



112. Pongo de Manseriche 



113. Maraiion and Huallaga Confluence 



114. Maranon and Ucayali Confluence 



115. Mantaro, Pampas and Apurimac Valley 



116. Empire of the Incas 



117. Ancient Highways of the Incas 



118. String of Quipos . 



119. Indian Populations of Peru 



120. Tumbez and its Deserts . 



121. Trujillo and Grand Chimu 



122. Caraz and Ancachs Mountains 



123. Oroya Railway 



124. Pisco and lea . 



125. The Chincha Islands in 1856 



126. Arequipa Gradieut . 



127. Arequipa 



128. From Pacasmayo to Cajamarca 



129. Ceero de Pasco 



130. Cerro de Pasco 



131. Cuzco 



132. Iquitos and the Napo Confluence 



133. Loreto, Amazons-Tavari Confluence 



134. Mines of Peru . 



135. Communications of Peru . 



136. Lima-Oroya. Railway; View taken at 



Chicla ....... 



217 

 218 

 221 

 231 

 233 

 234 

 236 

 237 

 239 



241 

 247 

 249 

 251 

 252 

 254 

 256 

 257 

 263 

 266 

 268 



271 

 272 

 275 

 280 

 283 

 285 

 288 

 291 

 293 

 294 

 295 

 302 

 305 

 306 

 313 

 316 

 318 

 321 

 324 

 325 

 327 

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 329 

 332 

 333 

 334 

 338 

 340 

 341 

 346 

 348 



349 



FIO. PAGR 



137. Administrative Divisions of Peru . . 352 



138. Chief Itineraries of Explorers in Peru and 



Bolivia ....... 356 



139. Old Lake of the Bolivian Plateau . . 361 



140. Basin of the Madre de Dios . . .364 



141. YuNGAS Scenery — Cussillani Hacienda 367 



142. Aboriginal Populations of Bolivia . . 377 



143. Copacabana Peninsula . . . .381 



144. La Paz and Environs .... 384 

 115. La Paz — Palace op Congress . . 385 



146. Potosi and Sucre ..... 387 



147. Chief Mineral Depo.sits of Bolivia . . 390 

 118. International Communications of Boli- 

 via 392 



149. Political Divisions of Bolivia . . . 394 



150. Conquests of Chili 399 



151. Magellan Strait 403 



152. Staten Island 405 



153. Mejiilones Chain ..... 4U9 



154. Parallel Cordilleras of the Cliilian Andes 411 



155. Ascent op the Cumbre — View taken 



PROM THE SaLTO DEL SoLDADO . .413 



156. Aconcagua and La Cumbre . . . 414 



157. Casucha del Portillo. on the Cumbre . 415 



158. Volcanic Descabezado Group . . .417 



159. Chiloe 420 



160. Chonos Archipelago .... 422 



161. San Rafael Lake 423 



162. San Felix and San Ambrosio Isles . . 426 



163. " Peterborough Cathedral " . . 427 



164. Rio Laja and Biobio Confluence — View 



TAKEN opposite San Rosendo . . 429 



165. Lakes of South Chili and Puerto Montt . 431 



166. Mas a Tien-a, Eastern Member of the 



Juan Fernandez Group . . . 439 



167. Group of Araucanians .... 443 



168. Indigenous Populations of Chili . . 446 



169. Arica 449 



170. Iquique ....... 451 



171. Nitrate and Salt Works of Tarajjaca . 452 



172. Copiapo and its Mineral District . . 454 



173. General View of Caldera . . . 455 



174. La Serena and Coquiinbo . . . 456 



175. Concepcion, the Biobio and Neighbouring- 



Inlets . . . . . . .461 



176. Chacao Channel ..... 463 



177. Cape Horn Archipelago .... 464 



178. Pimta Arenas (Sandy Point) . . . 465 



179. Mount Selkirk, Juan Fernandez Is- 



land 467 



180. Mines of Chili 469 



181. Communications of Chili . . . . 472 



182. Central Valley of South Chili . . .473 



183. Provinces of Chili ..... 475 



184. The Disputed Territory of Arica and 



Tacna ....... 476 



