44 



SOUTH AMERICA— THE ANDES REGIONS. 



turn, but only to reappear in ever-increasing numbers. Yet the movement would 

 have been greatly retarded had not Europe itself been at that time in the throes of 

 a political and social transformation. By upsetting the thrones of Spain and 

 Portugal, Napoleon shook to its foundations the monarchical system in the New 



Fig. 14. — ScKNE OF THE WaE OF INDEPENDENCE IN SoUïH AMERICA. 

 Scale 1 : 60,000,000. 



^^^ JbSrabobtJV.V-— ^-- V^TuErto tspana 

 y Cartalenc/TBarqCisImêto ^a-"^"^ n>> "^ 



30' 



30' 



93- 



West or breenwich 



1,240 Miles. 



World. The removal of the traditional sovereigns, alone regarded as " legitimate," 

 afforded a pretext for those eager for independence to mask their designs under 

 the plea of allegiance to the old dynasties, and thus the insurrection broke out in 

 all quarters under the disguise of loyalty to the legitimate rulers. 



