464 



SOUTH AMEEICA— THE ANDES REGIONS. 



port of Aticud, the San Carlos o£ the first Spanish settlers. Ancud stands near 

 the western entrance of the Chacao passage, and although large vessels cannot 

 approach the shore, they find good anchorage in a broad, well-sheltered bay, 

 formerly much frequented by whalers. Since these have become rare, Ancud 

 exports little except timber and agricultural produce. About 2,000 of the native 

 Chilotes depart every year for the southern archipelagoes, where they collect 

 lumber and engage in seal fishing. Few of these remain in the islands, and the 



Fig. 177. — Cape Hoen Archipelago. 

 Scile 1 : 900,000. 



Ueptlis. 



to 50 

 Fathoms. 



50 Fathoms 

 and upwaids. 



18 Miles. 



permanent emigration of the surjolus population of Chiloe is directed towards 

 the cities of the mainland. 



The labyrinth of Magellanic islands has hitherto attracted but few settlers. 

 They are naturally repelled from this region of rains, snows and high gales. 

 Nevertheless the ocean steamers have already established a few stations, which may 

 be regarded as so many starting points of future settlements. A stock-breeding 

 farm has been founded on the banks of the Pulena, at one of the most convenient 

 entrances to the Southern Andes. Here an estate of nearly 500,000 acres of arable 

 land is owned by a single proprietor. 



