Table 2 (Concluded) 



Map No . 



Map Name 



28 



Shallotte 



29 



Holden Beach 



30 



Lockwoods Folly 



31 



Southport 



32 



Cape Fear 



Dates of Historical T Sheets 



1857/59, 1924, 1933, 1962/63, 1969/70 

 1857/59, 1924, 1933, 1962/63, 1969/70 

 1856/57, 1924, 1933/34, 1962, 1969/70 

 1878, 1914, 1923/24, 1933/34, 1962, 1969/70 

 1878, 1914, 1923, 1933/34, 1972/73/75 



instructions (Everts, Battley, and Gibson (1983), taken from Volume 17, Coast 

 Survey, Scientific, 1844-1846, handwritten) included the following: 



On the sea shore and the rivers subject to the 

 tides, the high and low-water lines are to be surveyed 

 accurately; and the kind of ground contained between 

 them, whether sand, rock, shingle or mud marked 

 accordingly. The low-water line is taken by offsets 

 while running the high water, and when not too far 

 apart from each other, but when their distance is 

 great, they must be surveyed separately: a couple of 

 hours before the end of the ebb, and the same time 

 during the commencement of the flood tides will be the 

 proper time for taking the low-water line, and your 

 operations must be so timed, as to be on the shore on 

 those periods. 



50. The first specific instructions regarding the nature of the line to 

 be surveyed is contained in the "Plane Table Manual" (Wainswright 1889) , which 

 states: "In tracing the shoreline on an exposed sandy coast, care should be 

 taken to discriminate [sic] between the average high-water line and the storm 

 water line." Still later, Shalowitz (1964) elaborated by stating: 



The mean high-water line along a coast is the 

 intersection of the plane of mean high water with the 

 shore. This line, particularly along gently sloping 

 beaches, can only be determined with precision by run- 

 ning spirit levels along the coast. Obviously, for 

 charting purposes, such precise methods would not be 

 justified, hence, the line is determined more from the 

 physical appearance of the beach. What the topog- 

 rapher actually delineates are the markings left on 

 the beach by the last preceding high water, barring 

 the drift cast up by storm tides. On the Atlantic 

 coast, only one line of drift would be in evidence 



41 



