After 



Figure 1-12. Beach Restoration, Dade County, Florida. 



Breakwaters are wave energy barriers designed to protect any landform or 

 water area behind them from the direct assault of waves. However, because of 

 the higher cost of these offshore structures over onshore structures (e.g., 

 seawalls), breakwaters have been mainly used for harbor protection and navi- 

 gational purposes. In recent years shore-parallel, detached, segmented break- 

 waters have been used for shore protection structures. 



1-22 



