CHAPTER 5 



PLANNING ANALYSIS 



I . GENERAL 



Coastal engineering problems may be classified into four general cate- 

 gories: shoreline stabilization, backshore protection (from waves and surge), 

 inlet stabilization, and harbor protection (see Fig. 5-1). A coastal problem 

 may fall into more than one category. Once classified, various solutions are 

 available to the coastal engineer. Some of the solutions are structural; 

 however, other techniques may be employed such as zoning and land-use manage- 

 ment. This manual deals primarily with structural solutions, but the basic 

 considerations discussed here may also apply to other types of solutions. 



CLASSIFICATION OF COASTAL ENGINEERING PROBLEMS 



SHORELINE 

 STABILIZATION 



SEAWALL 



BULKHEAD 



REVETMENT 



BEACH NOURISHMENT 



WITH OR WITHOUT RESTORATION ! 



DETACHED 

 BREAKWATERS 



X 



GROINS 



SAND BYPASSING 

 AT INLET 



CONSIDERATIONS: 



Hydraulics 



Sedimentation 



Control Structure 



Maintenance 



Legal Requirements 



Environment 



Economics 



T 



I 



BACKSHORE 

 PROTECTION 



SEAWALL 



PROTECTIVE BEACH 



( WITH OR WITHOUT RESTORATION ) 



I 



SAND DUNE 



I 



REVETMENT 



BULKHEAD 



I 



CONSIDERATIONS: 



Hydraulics 



Sedimentation 



Control Structure 



Maintenance 



Legal Requirements 



Environment 



Economics 



T 



INLET 

 STABILIZATION 



DREDGING 



JETTIES 



I 



NAVIGATION 



I 



CONSIDERATIONS: 



Hydraulics 



Sedimentation 



Navigation 



Control Structure 



Maintenance 



Legal Requirements 



Environment 



Economics 



BAY CIRCULATION 



CONSIDERATIONS: 



Hydraylics 

 Sedimentation 

 Control Structure 

 Legal Requirements 

 Environment 

 Ecunomics 



HARBOR 

 PROTECTION 



JETTIES 



I 



SHORE-CONNECTED 

 BREAKWATER 



OFFSHORE 

 BREAKWATER 



CONSIDERATIONS: 



Hydraulics 



Sedimentation 



Navigation 



Control Structure 



Maintenance 



Legal Requirements 



Environment 



Economics 



Figure 5-1. General classification of coastal engineering problems. 



Figure 5-1 shows the structures or protective works in the four general 

 coastal engineering problem classifications and lists the factors that must be 

 considered in analyzing each problem area. Hydraulic considerations include 

 wind, waves, currents, tides, storm surge or wind setup, and the basic bathym- 

 etry of the area. Sedimenta* ..on considerations include the littoral material 

 and processes (i.e., direction of movement; rate of transport, net and gross; 

 and sediment classification and characteristics) , and changes in shore aline- 

 ment. Navigation considerations include the design craft or vessel data, 



5-1 



