LAND 



Original Berm Crest^ 

 l_ 



Berm Crest at Point of 

 Maximum Recession 



WATER 



Wave Orthogonals 

 Direction of Predominant Wave Approach 



Figure 5-9. Factors in Determining Beach Width Updrift of a Groin 



Original Shoreline 



LAND 



Groin 



Wave Orthogonals 



WATER 



Figure 5-10. Groin System Operation with Reversal of Transport 



5-37 



