CONTENTS 



Page 

 I INTRODUCTION -5 



II TIMBER BULKHEADS 5 



1. Typical Timber Bulkheads 9 



2. Construction Procedures 9 



3. Design Steps 11 



III VERTICAL- FACED SEAWALLS OF TREATED TIMBER 26 



1. Design of Timber Seawalls 26 



2. Treated Timber in Concrete Seawalls 28 



IV DESIGN OF GROINS 28 



1. Types . . . ' 28 



2. Location on Shore 30 



3. Dimensions 30 



4. Profile 30 



5. Spacing 30 



6. Advantages of Treated Timber 31 



7. Acting Forces ..... 31 



8. Sizes of Structural Members 31 



9. Typical Timber Groin 32 



V FINGER PIER AND WAVE BARRIER FOR MARINA 32 



1. Pier Dimensions 36 



2. Design of Pier Framing, Supports, and Bracing ....... 36 



LITERATURE CITED 38 



APPENDIX 39 



TABLES 



1 Unit weights of soils and coefficients of earth pressure 13 



2 Schedule for estimation of wave action 19 



FIGURES 



1 Bulkhead design, zero water depth 6 



2 Bulkhead design, 4-foot water depth 7 



3 Bulkhead design, 8-foot water depth 8 



4 Basic vertical dimensions of a bulkhead or seawall . . 12 



