COMMUXICATIONS, 41 



and Thursday at G.30 ]). m.. during- summer. Mails rio-e on Monday 

 and Thursday at 6.30 p. m., during winter. 



The steamer Bruce, of the Reid-NeAvfoundland Company, leaves 

 port-aux-Basques every Monday. Wednesday, and Friday after the 

 arrival of the mail train from St. Johns, and, after a passage of six 

 hours in duration, connects with the Intercontinental Railroad' at 

 Sydney, Cape Breton island. The same steamer leaves Sydney on 

 the arrival of the mail by the Intercolonial Railroad every Tuesday, 

 Thursday, and Saturday and connects with the train for St. Johns 

 at port-aux-Basques. This train connects at Bay of Islands with the 

 steamer which leaves there every "Wednesday for Bonne bay and 

 other ports on the west coast. 



Railroads. — The Newfoundland railroad extendi frt)m St. Johns 

 to harbor Grace and Carbonear in Conception f>ay. a distance of 

 91 miles via Whitbourne junction; and from the latter -tation, wdiich 

 is 57| miles from St. Johns, there is a branch. '27 ndle- in length, to 

 Placentia bay. 



The Northern and Western railroad, from Whitbourne, passes up 

 the narrow neck of land, separating Trinity and Placentia bays, 

 traverses Terra Nova, Gambo, and Gander valleys, and entering Ex- 

 ploits valley at Norris arm, crosses Exploits river at 10 miles from its 

 mouth. It then passes the northeastern end of Grand pond, and 

 skirts the southern side of Deer pond and the southern shore of Hum- 

 ber arm, as far as Birchy cove ; thence it strikes inland toward and 

 along the eastern side of St. George bay, at the back of Anguille 

 range and down the valley of Codroy river to port aux Basque, dis- 

 tant 550^ statute miles from St. Johns. 



There are also branches to Brigus, Tilton, and Burnt bay. 



In 1905 there were in operation in Newfoundland (>ZS miles of pub- 

 lic railroad of 3 feet 6 inches gauge, and 21 miles of private line. 



Telegraph. — In 1905 there were 3,079 miles of telegraph lines 

 in the island, and 275 miles for telephone. All the principal ports 

 are connected by land lines with St. Johns. 



Cable communication. — There are four submarine cables be- 

 tween Ireland and Hearts Content, Newfoundland; one between 

 France and St, Pierre island; three between Newfoundland and 

 Cape Breton island, one betw^een port aux Basques and Canso, and 

 one between Belle isle and Chateau bay. 



The Anglo-American Cable Company has 48 stations in New- 

 foundland. The head office is at Hearts Content, where the ends of 

 six cables are brought up; four of the cables are from Valencia, Ire- 

 land ; one from New York, and one from North Sydney, Cape Breton 

 island. The cable in communication with the United States touches 

 at St. Pierre. This company is in connection with the Western 

 Union Telegraph Company of the United States. 



