30 GENERAL EEMAEKS. 



wild or migratory birds, or eggs of same, close time is from January 

 12 to August 20. Wild geese may be shot or their eggs taken at any 

 time. 



The close time for caribou is from February 15 to September 15 ; 

 for otter and beaver from April 1 to October 1 ; for rabbits and hares 

 from March 1 to September 15; for salmon from September 11 to 

 April 30. Trout, landlocked salmon, and other fresh-water fish are 

 not to be taken in any lake, river, or stream from September 15 to 

 December 31. 



License is required by nonresidents to shoot deer (fee $100), and 

 only five stags and three does can be killed by each sportsman. 



Licenses are granted by justices of the peace and custom-house 

 officers. 



The best time for shooting caribou is from the middle of September 

 to the end of October. 



Minerals. — Copper is largely worked at Tilt and Betts coves and 

 Little bay, in Notre Dame bay, and lead at la Manche in Placentia 

 bay. Deposits of lead ore and asbestos fields, in the peninsula of 

 Port au Port are now "being worked. Iron pyrites are shipped from 

 a mine on Pilley island, Notre Dame bay. Large quantities of 

 hematite iron ore are exported from Bell island, Conception bay. 

 The carboniferous district of Newfoundland is on the west coast, 

 near St. George bay and Grand lake. Gypsum and marbles of 

 various shades of color are found in considerable quantities at 

 Codroy, St. George bay, and Bay of Islands. At Random and near 

 Thorburn lake are two large granite quarries. 



Agriculture is pursued with fair success on the west coast, where 

 grass and cereals of the first quality are produced. Potatoes of fine 

 quality are also grown. A large tract of fertile soil lies near Gander 

 bay, as well as in Exploits valley and Red Indian lake district on 

 the east coast, and there is good land in the vicinity of Goose bay 

 and Clode sound at the head of Bonavista bay. It is estimated that 

 in the whole island about 7,000 square miles, or 4,480,000 acres, are 

 available for settlement either as arable or grazing land. 



Population. — The vicinity of the coast of Newfoundland is the 

 only portion of the island yet inhabited, and there are but few settlers 

 on the western side of the island, two-thirds of the population being 

 found on the peninsula of Avalon. The census taken in 1901 showed 

 a population of 220,984, including 3,947 who inhabit the dependency 

 of Labrador. Of the population in Newfoundland in 1901, 98,000 

 were engaged in the fisheries, 2,475 were farmers, 3,111 mechanics, 

 and 1,576 miners. The population of the chief towns were: St. 

 John's, 29,594; Harbor Grace, 5,184; Carbonear, 5,703; Twillingate 

 (Toulinguet), 3.542; and Bonavista, 3,696. 



