80 BANKS OF NEWFOU^'DLAXD AN'D XOVA SCOTIA BANKS. 



Soundings obtained by the French cruiser Na'iade in 1894 indicate 

 that Banquereau bank extends more to the eastward than is indicated 

 on the charts. This vessel, a half hour after not having found bot- 

 tom in 109 fathoms, obtained a sounding of 40| fathoms in latitude 

 W 43' 00" N., longitude 57" 18' 15" W. From the above position 

 the Ndiade stood west at a speed of 6 to 6^ knots, sounding every 

 lialf hour, and obtained soundings of 32, 28^, 29, 24^, 16, 20, and 20 

 fathoms. 



In 1904 the cable steamer Mackay -Bennett obtained a sounding of 

 29 fathoms in appromimately latitude 44° 43' 45" N., longitude 

 57" 25' 00" W. 



Misaine and Canso banks. — Misaine bank lies to the northward 

 of Banquereau bank, between the latter and Scatari island, and be- 

 tween its northwestern edge, with 60 fathoms, and a similar depth 

 on the outer edge of a bank extending from the shores of Cape 

 Breton island, there is a deep giilh^ 25 miles wide, with from 70 to 

 162 fathoms. The least water j'et found on Misaine bank is 36 

 fathoms, on its southeastern side, the general depth being more than 

 40 fathoms, with a bottom of stone and broken shell. The outline 

 of the bank is very irregular; its eastern limit is in latitude 45° 28' 

 X., longitude 58° 10' W.. and its western extremity is connected with 

 Canso bank by the 60- fathom line. 



The nortliAvestern end of Canso bank lies about 16 )niles south- 

 eastward of cape Canso, and its eastern side is separated from 

 Misaine bank by a space about 17 miles across, in which are depths 

 of 54 to 79 fathoms, and some patches of 46 to 49 fathoms. 



The least water found on Canso bank is 35 fathoms, sandy bottom ; 

 the bank is separated from the north end of Middle ground by a 

 space of deep water, with 100 to 180 fathoms, and from the bank 

 extending from caj^e Canso by a narrow deep-water channel, with 

 84 fathoms. 



Artimon bank, at the east end of the deep-Avater gully separating 

 Misaine bank from Banquereau, is of small extent, the least water 

 found being 37 fathoms, over a bottom of stone with starfish and 

 sea eggs. 



Middle ground, about 30 miles to the northward of the western 

 end of Sable island, has as little as 10 fathoms, this depth being found 

 at the extreme southeastern end of the bank ; there is also a depth of 

 14 fathoms toward the northwestern extreme. The bank is about 40 

 miles in length northwest and southeast, with depths varying from 

 10 to 30 fathoms, and is separated from the western end of Ban- 

 quereau bank by a gully 5 miles across, with 100 fathoms. Its north- 

 ern end extends to within 35 miles of cape Canso, the distance between 

 being occupied principally by a stibmarine valley, having in one 

 locality a depth of 140 fathoms. 



