CHAPTER III. 



NEWFOITNDLAIS^D, SOUTH COAST-CAPE RACE TO CREW 



POIXT. 



Cape Race, the southeastern end of Xewfoundland, has a barren 

 appearance, and is faced by cliffs from 100 to 200 feet high, formed 

 of slate in nearly vertical strata. The land rises from the cape grad- 

 ually, and between 10 and 12 miles to the northeastward are the Red 

 hills, a rocky range, 710 feet high. Close southeastward of the cape 

 lies a detached wedge-shaped rock, 40 feet high. 



In moderate weather landing is effected in coves eastward and 

 westward of the lighthouse, but the usual landing is in Cape cove, 

 about ^ mile northward. 



Cape Race is bare of trees and has a brown and desolate appear- 

 ance, but in sheltered hollows and along the courses of the rivulets 

 there is a stunted growth of spruce, fir, and alder. The rocks are of 

 the Silurian system, and are thinly covered with peat and bog. 



Light. — A cylindrical tower, 100 feet high, painted red and white 

 in broad vertical stripes, and surmounted by a red circular lantern, 

 on cape Race, exhibits, at 165 feet above high water, a flashing white 

 light, showing 1 short flash of 0.2 second duration, every 5 seconds, 

 and visible in clear weather a distance of 19 miles. 



In front of this lighthouse stands an old lighthouse painted in a 

 similar manner. 



The keeper's house, close to the old lighthouse, is a square, white 

 building with a red roof. 



Fog signal. — A diaphone trumpet, situated in a red building 

 with a high chimney, southward of the old lighthouse and connected 

 with it by a covered way, is operated by compressed air, and sounds, 

 during thick or foggy weather, two blasts of 5 seconds duration 

 every minute, thus: Blast, 5 seconds; silent interval, 15 seconds; 

 blast, 5 seconds; silent interval, 35 seconds. 



This lighthouse and fog signal are maintained by the government 

 of the Dominion of Canada. 



Signal, telegraph, and ice reporting station. — There is a 

 Lloyd's signal station at cape Race, situated between the lighthouse 

 and the fog-signal house ; it is connected by telegraph with St. Johns, 



