FLAT BAY BROOK FLAT ISLAND. 275 



be effected when it is impracticable anywhere else between Robinson 

 head and Sandy point. 



The coast is lower northeastward, of Bank Head cove than to the 

 southwestward. It continues, in cliffs about 75 feet high, here and 

 there covered with bushes, for 2^ miles to Youngs cove, which is a 

 slight curve formed by the western end of Flat island. There are a 

 few fishermen's cottages on the shores of Youngs cove. 



Flat Bay brook is a stream flowing into Flat bay. Immediately 

 inside of the entrance, which is ^ mile wide, is a low projecting point 

 with some houses on it. Muddj^ hole, the portion westward of this 

 point, is merely a shallow bay; the eastern portion is the stream, flow- 

 ing from the mountain range at about 7 miles inland through a chan- 

 nel that is much obstructed by banks and islets. 



South side is the district extending east -northeastward about 5 

 miles from Flat Bay brook. The shore is formed of low banks ter- 

 minating the long slope from a ridge, about 300 feet high, the summit 

 of which is about 1 mile inland. Numerous houses and fish stores 

 line the shore, and the land is more or less in cultivation. A fairly 

 good road runs westward to Robinson head and eastward to the head 

 of St. George harbor. 



Cairn or Steel mountain, a remarkable mass of ironstone, is 

 situated 6f miles east-southeastward from the entrance of Flat Bay 

 brook. From the low country behind the coast ridge, and in front 

 of the mountain range extending from the southwestward, it rises to 

 a height of 952 feet, and on it there are two stone cairns said to have 

 been erected by Captain Cook. Flat Bay brook runs along the south- 

 western foot of this mountain. Deposits of iron and gypsum have 

 been found in the locality. 



Rugged broken ranges continue northeastward from Cairn moun- 

 tain, and in this direction 3 miles away there is, on the western face 

 of the range, a white patch, formed by a landslide, which is con- 

 spicuous from far down St. George bay. 



Flat bay, between Flat island and the mainland, is very shallow 

 and obstructed by banks which dry at low water. On the southern 

 side there is sufficient depth at low water for a boat to go about 3 

 miles up the bay ; but the bottom is covered with thick weeds, which 

 would quickly foul a propeller. 



Moyac or Woody island, situated toward the northeastern part of 

 the bay, is the head of a large bank of sand and shingle, 3 feet high, 

 and covered with coarse grass. At one time several trees stood 

 upon it. 



Flat island is a low bank of stones and shingle extending in a 

 curve from Youngs cove to Harbor point, a distance of 6^ miles in an 

 east-northeasterly direction and forming with the shore of the main- 

 land the shallow basin known as Flat bav. The width of this bank 



