SEAL ISLAND PEENCHMAN COVE. 303 



Seal island, I mile eastward of Governor island, to which it is 

 nearly joined by shoal water, is 900 yards long in an easterly and 

 westerly direction, about 200 yards wide, and 75 feet high; rocks 

 awash at low water extend eastward 200 yards from the island. 



Ancliorag'e. — There is sheltered anchorage, in 6 to 11 fathoms 

 of water, between the southwestern end of Governor island and the 

 mainland, but heavy squalls come from Blow-me-down with south- 

 erly winds. 



Pier. — A pier, about 90 yards long and 16 feet broad, extends from 

 the southern shore of York harbor southward of the eastern end of 

 Governor island. There is a depth of 3 to 5^ fathoms of water at its 

 outer end, which is 175 feet long, and steamers of about 3,000 tons 

 and drawing 16 feet of water go alongside it to load with copper ore 

 brought from the mine by a tramroad. 



A shoal with 6 feet of water over it extends eastward from the east- 

 ern end of the pier. 



Water. — Fresh water can be obtained from a pipe at the pier end 

 at the rate of 2 tons an hour. 



Blow-me-down, 2,125 feet high, falls almost perpendicularly 

 from the summit, and then in a steep wooded slope from the base of 

 the cliffs to the sea. The rangs trends southeastward in a line of 

 cliffs, and long slopes, covered with shingle or scrubby wood, descend 

 from them to the deep valley, down which flows Bear Deadfall brook, 

 a considerable stream. 



The shore from a point northward of Blow-me-down trends about 

 eastward 4^ miles to Lower Frenchman head. 



A small yellow rock, 6 feet high, lies 150 yards from the shore at 

 800 yards westward of the mouth of Bear Deadfall brook, which is 

 situated eastward 2 miles from the point northward of Blow-me- 

 down. 



Temporary anchorage can be obtained at ^ mile northward of 

 Bear Deadfall brook in 9 fathoms of water. 



Frenchman cove, situated immediately westward of Lower 

 Frenchman head, is bolcl-to on its western shore, but from the mouth 

 of the brook at the head to Lower Frenchman head a sand bank and 

 bowlders line the shore, extending nearly 150 yards from the high 

 water line; a small settlement with a few gardens is situated here. 

 There is anchorage in 11 to 13 fathoms of water, mud bottom, off the 

 eastern side of the bank of shingle at the head. 



Tides. — It is high water, full and change, in Frenchman cove at 

 lOh. Om. ; springs rise 6 feet, neaps 5 feet ; neaps range S^ feet. 



Lower Frenchman head, or Spurn point, the western entrance 

 point to Humber arm, rises to an earth cliff 45 feet high; a reef 

 extends 65 yards northward from its high water line, and then falls 

 quickly to deep water. 



