314 - CAPE EAl^ TO CAPE BAULD. 



The southeastern point of Pearl ishmcl, open Avestward of the rocks 

 off Beverley head, bearing 173°, leads close westward of these rocks. 



Mount St. Gregory, situated east-northeastward, distant 2 miles 

 from North head, exhibits from the southward one sharp peak, but 

 from the westward it shows three small though distinct summits, the 

 middle and largest one, which is 2,240 feet high, being covered with 

 stones and bowlders. 



The western face of the mountain is bare and stony, with deep 

 gullies reaching generally to its base, which lies directly behind the 

 beach. The slopes on its northern side are wooded and fall more 

 gradually toward the valley of Gregory river, distant about 3^ miles. 



Tidal streams. — No law has yet been deduced for the tidal streams 

 in the Bay of Islands. On June 13, 1881 (moon's age, 16 days), from 

 8h. 20m. a. m. till 6h. 45m. p. m., the stream set eastward, with a 

 slight curve from Guernsey, while from 9h. 20m. a. m. to 5h. 10m. 

 p. m. of the same day it set northward from Pearl island, and at the 

 same time set with a rate of about one knot up Middle arm. 



During May, June, and July tlie surface stream in Humber arm set 

 almost continuously seaward, while there was an undercurrent setting 

 in the opposite direction. The west-going surface stream is split by 

 Woods island, and attains a rate of nearly 1^ knots over the shoal off 

 Shoal point. The east-going stream converges to Humber arm round 

 Woods island, its rate decreasing on the surface as it nears the river. 



The tidal streams through the narrows of Goose arm attain a rate 

 of 2 knots at springs, the time of the turning of the streams being 

 irregular with respect to high water, varying with the direction of the 

 wind, and the amount of water flowing into the head of the arm from 

 the streams. 



Close to all shoals and banks, especially Vesuvius rock, a stream 

 attains occasionally a rate of 1| knots, though it is scarcely perceptible 

 I mile distant from them. 



Population. — The residents of the Bay of Islands are of mixed 

 nationality, comprising descendants of deserters from French vessels 

 of war, former inhabitants of the east coast of Newfoundland (prin- 

 cipally of Irish descent) , and natives of Nova Scotia, the last named 

 being employed principally at sawmills. 



The coast from North head trends northward nearly 4 miles to 

 Chimney Cove head and is a stony beach, fringed with rocky ledges, 

 backed by a steep clay bank, behind which rise the slopes of mount 

 St. Gregory and the hills falling from it. The rocky ledge extends 

 generally to a distance of about 200 yards from the beach, but near 

 North head it extends 300 yards, and southward f mile from 

 Chimney cove it extends 400 yards. At Shoal cove, f mile from 

 North head, there are some buildings used as a lobster factory. 



