328 CAPE BAY TO CAPE BAULD. 



which direction at rather over a mile from the factory it passes 

 between two slightly elevated points into St. Pauls inlet. 



The edges of the channel are clearly defined except at high water, 

 and there is no difficulty for boats beyond that caused by the tidal 

 streams which run through it and over the bar with considerable 

 strength. 



St. Pauls inlet is about 5^ miles long in an easterly and westerly 

 direction, with a width varying from 3 miles to ^ mile. Inside the 

 entrance the water is shallow, and there are several rocks, some above 

 water, and rocky patches ; but a channel along the western shore, with 

 about 2 fathoms of water, leads into the deeper part of the inlet, 

 where the general depths are 7 to 20 fathoms. 



The eastern and the southern parts of the inlet lie at the foot of the 

 northwestern side of a portion of the mountain range extending 

 northward from Bonne bay, and toward them the water is deep and 

 clear of shoals. 



On the western side of the inlet, at about 1 mile southward of the 

 entrance, borings for oil have been made, and it was reported in 1897 

 that a good supply had been obtained at a depth of 1,000 feet. 



The coast from St. Pauls point trends northeastward for rather 

 over 2 miles to the head of Cow cove, and is a rough, stony beach in 

 front of a low wooded bank, behind which are ponds and marshy 

 ground reaching to the mountains, which here begin to incline farther 

 inland, and are broken by stee^D gorges with cliffs on either side, pre- 

 senting a very rugged and barren aspect from seaward. 



Cow cove affords good anchorage in 4 to 10 fathoms of water, dur- 

 ing northerly gales, and in moderate breezes from eastward of a 

 north-northwestward direction, but with winds westward of this a 

 heavy swell rolls in, rendering the anchorage unsafe. Northerly 

 gales are prevalent in early spring and autumn. 



Cow head is a peninsula 1 mile long in an easterly and westerly 

 direction, ^ mile wide, 206 feet high, and densely wooded on its south- 

 ern and western sides. From its eastern end a low isthmus of sand 

 and stones runs southeastward to the main land, and separates Cow 

 cove, on the southwestern, from Cow Head harbor on the northeastern 

 side. The northern side of the head is steep-to, but rocks, which dry 

 2 feet, extend about 200 yards southwestward from the southwestern 

 point. 



The northern slope of the head has been partially cleared and 

 affords grazing to the sheep and cattle of the residents, whose houses 

 are situated at the eastern end. Here there is a large canning factory 

 and some landing stages, the latter getting some partial protection 

 from a ridge of dry rocks extending from the northeastern point. 



Cow Head harbor. — Northeastward of Cow Head isthmus a curve 

 of sandy shore continues northward to Dov;nes point, a distance of a 



