LITTLE CAT AEM. 401 



entrance of the bay was completely blocked on June 13 ; the bay was 

 clear of ice on July 6, 



Weather. — Easterly winds prevail during summer, and south- 

 erly and westerly, with fine clear weather, in autumn. Northerly 

 gales throw a heavy sea into the bay, reaching as far up as Saltwater 

 cove. Fog is common, with light northeasterly and northerly winds, 

 but though occasionally continuing for three daj^s in June and July, 

 it usually lasts only a few hours. Rain is frequent and often of 

 some duration, especially in those arms which are surrounded by 

 high, wooded shores. 



Currents. — During moderate weather currents generally run north- 

 eastward along the eastern shore of White bay and nearly south- 

 ward along the western shore, and the ice drifts almost constantly in 

 these directions; but the fishermen state that a prevalence of strong 

 southwesterly winds sometimes reverses the currents for a short time. 



Communication. — The only means of communication with other 

 places is b}^ boat or by a mail carrier who crosses from Seal arm to 

 bay Verte and proceeds thence by boat to meet the weekly mail 

 steamer at Coachman harbor. 



The shore of White bay from Little Harbor deep head trends 

 southwestward and continues in cliffs for 54 miles to Stump point, but 

 the faces of the cliffs are more generally bare and present a whiter 

 appearance seaward than those to the northeastward and southwest- 

 ward. In the entrance of Pumbly cove, a small bight, at 2^ miles 

 from Little Harbor Deep head and about 400 yards from the shore, 

 there is a rocky head of 3^ fathoms. Elsewhere the shore is fairly 

 steep and fronted by detached banks with depths of 18 to 22 fathoms 

 over them, while the 100-fathom contour line is 1| miles off. 



Little Cat arm extends west-northwestward about 1| miles from 

 its entrance between Stump point and White point, which are |- mile 

 apart in a south-southwesterly and north-northeasterly direction. 

 The hills northeastward of the entrance are bare and rocky, while 

 those to the south-southwestward are thickly wooded. The arm is 

 clear of shoals beyond 100 yards from its shores and affords anchorage 

 in 14 to 16 fathoms near its head, sheltered from the sea, but subject to 

 violent squalls from the surrounding hills, which rise to about 1,000 

 feet and are for the most part wooded with spruce, birch, and maple. 



At 1 mile inside the entrance is a bar with depths of 6 to 10 

 fathoms of water, and within the bar a pool 12 to 18 fathoms deep 

 extends to the head, where two small streams fall from the cliffy 

 hills. On the southern side at a mile inside the entrance the shore 

 forms a small cove, in which there are some fishermen's huts, and off 

 which shoal water of less than 3 fathoms extends for nearly 200 yards. 

 76846—09 26 



