428 CAPE ST, JOHN TO CAPE BONAVISTA. 



it shoals suddenly; it is open to the southeastward, but the heaviest 

 swell rolls in during- and after northerly gales. A valuable copper 

 mine, situated to the westward of the cove, is being worked, and there 

 is a considerable settlement ; wharves line both sides of the inner por- 

 tion of the cove; the various buildings, such as smelting houses, are 

 conspicuous; and a tramway connects the mine with the harbor. 



Buoy. — A red buoy, to which vessels are temporarily secured, is 

 moored in 26 fathoms of water, close southeastward of the wharves, 

 and there are ringbolts (the position of each of which is shown by a 

 whitewashed mark) in the sides of the cove, to aid vessels in hauling 

 to the wharves. 



Water. — A considerable stream flows into a rugged cove, close in- 

 side of the northeastern entrance point, from which water can be 

 readily obtained. 



Communication. — The steamer of the Notre Dame bay route 

 from Burnt bay calls at Betts cove weekly during summer and 

 autumn. 



Betts head, situated south-southwestward, 1,200 yards from the 

 southwestern entrance point of Betts cove, is 432 feet high ; an islet 

 10 feet high lies close off it, 65 yards east-northeastward of which is a 

 small bare rock nearly joined to the head, with a house standing close 

 above it; between the islet and rock is a small bight, where lighters 

 could load ore in fine weather. A waterfall runs into this bight. 

 The land about Betts head is reddish in color. 



Betts bight. — Green point lies west-southwestward 1,400 yards 

 from Betts head, and between them is Betts bight, which is only 

 300 yards deep. 



The shore from Green point trends west-southwestward, ly% miles 

 to Harbor point; it is steep-to at the distance of about 100 yards. 

 The land westward of Betts bight is grayish and partially wooded. 



Nippers islands are a group containing six principal islands and 

 several rocks. 



Gull island, the eastern, situated southw^estward, 1,400 yards from 

 Green point, is about 300 yards long in an easterly and westerly direc- 

 tion, and 45 feet high. A ledge, with general depths of 13 to 19 

 fathoms over it, extends eastward 1,400 yards from the island, but 

 over that part of it which is within | mile from the island the depths 

 are 5 to 8 fathoms. Gull Island ground is a patch on this ledge with 

 10 fathoms water over it. A patch with 18 fathoms water over it 

 bears 80°, distant nearly 1 mile from Gull island. 



Gull rock, 12 feet high, lies about 300 yards westward of Gull 

 island, and between are some rocks above Avater which are joined to- 

 gether at low water. A shoal extends nearly 100 yards west-south- 

 Westward of Gidl rock. 



