476 CAPE ST. JOHN TO CAPE BONAVISTA. 



this line are Exploits Burnt islands and Black islands, leaving three 

 channels, IJ, 1^, and 2 miles wide, respectively, to the southward. 



Bay of Exploits comprises several long arms and bays, in which 

 there are numerous islands, lying southwestw^ard and southAvard of 

 Exploits Burnt islands and Black islands. The water in the bay is 

 generally deep, and, excepting its eastern part, there are but few 

 obstructions to navigation bej^ond those fringing the shores. The 

 western arm extends from Exploits Burnt islands south-southwest- 

 ward for 30 miles to the mouth of Exploits river, and it is navigable 

 without difficulty as far up as Peter arm. 



The mainland around the bay, and also the numerous islands in it, 

 are thickly wooded, except in those parts where large fires have cleared 

 the land. The forests in the Exploits valley are ver}' extensive, and 

 consist of i^ine, spruce, fir, larch, birch, and poplar; the soil of the 

 valley is fertile, and produces, where cleared, good crops of root, 

 potatoes, and hay. 



There are several small settlements in the bay, those of Exploits 

 Burnt islands, North harbor. Kite cove, Botwoodville (Peter arm), 

 Lewisport (Burnt bay), and Campbellton (Indian arm), being the 

 principal ones. 



Tidal streams. — The tidal streams set fairly in and out of the 

 deep channels of the bay of Exploits with a rate of about 2 knots at 

 springs. 



Fog is frequent but seldom lasts more than a few hours. 



Conimunication. — The Newfoundland railway passes along the 

 shore at the head of the western arm of the baj' of Exploits, and 

 Lewisport is connected by a branch line, 9 miles in length, from Notre 

 Dame junction. Exploits station is close to Norris arm. Westward 

 of Norris arm the line leaves the sea and crosses Exploits riA^er by a 

 steel bridge, 630 feet long, at Bishop's falls, 10 miles from the mouth 

 of the river and 208^ miles from St. John's. 



A steamer leaves Lewisport twice a week with mails, passengers, 

 and cargo. One trip is made westward to Tilt cove, calling at Ex- 

 ploits Burnt island. New bay. Leading tickles, Pilley island. Hall bay. 

 Little Bay island, Little bay, Green bay, and Nippers harbor; and 

 the other trip to Fogo, calling at Botwoodville, Exploits Burnt island, 

 Morton harbor, Tizard harbor, and Twillingate (Toulinguet). 



There are telegraph stations at Norris arm, Lewisport, and Twil- 

 lingate. 



Ice generally forms in the bay of Exploits early in January: at 

 Peter arm and its vicinity it is sometimes a little earlier. The first 

 vessels from sea arrive in the bay about June 1, and the last leave 

 early in December. 



Waldron cove. — The shore of the bay from Northern head trends 

 south-southwestward for 1/^ miles to the head of Waldron cove, and 



