518 CAPE ST. JOHN TO CAPE BON AVISTA. 



Ice. — Change Island tickle and the sea from Herring head to the 

 northern end of Change island, and from Tobacco island to Brim- 

 stone head fill in with northern ice and freeze ; the ice usually breaks 

 up between April 20 and May 10, but an easterly sea breaks it up 

 earlier. 



In May and June, when the ice is compact from Funk island to 

 cape Fogo, partly owing to the ebb or east-going tidal stream setting 

 out of Dildo run and the stream of Gander river, Change island and 

 Stag Harbor tickles are often sufficiently clear to allow vessels to pass 

 through them into Notre Dame ha,j. 



Tides. — It is high water, full and change, in Change Island tickle 

 at 7h. 20m. : springs rise 4i feet, neaps 3 feet. 



Communication. — The steamer from Lewisport calls at Change 

 island weekly during summer and autumn. 



North tickle, close within north end of Change island, has 3 

 fathoms water in the entrance and 6 feet in the shoalest part; it is 

 open northward and affords no efficient shelter. 



Sleepy ledge, bearing 325°, distant Ij^^ miles from Tobacco island, 

 is the northern end of the shoals extending northward from the 

 islands westward of Tobacco island, and has a depth of 2 fathoms 

 water over it. Island Harbor head in line with the eastern end of 

 Shave island, which is a rock northwestward of Tobacco island, 

 bearing 152°, leads northeastward of it. 



Bacalhao island to Sir Charles Hamilton sound. — Direc- 

 tions. — Do not take the channel between Bacalhao island and Bacal- 

 hao rock, but pass | mile eastward of the rock, and then between 

 Kiar and Moorham reefs, steering toward the northeastern end of 

 Duck island. When South End point is in line with Smoker island, 

 bearing 148°, keep this mark on, round Smoker island on its eastern 

 side at a distance of about 400 yards, and when southward of the 

 rock lying southward of that island, bring the western end of Shag 

 islets in line with the western end of Smoker island, bearing 348°. 

 This mark on astern leads northeastward of Farewell reef, which is 

 cleared when the entrance to the shoal arm of Farewell harbor opens 

 southward of the northern shore of the harbor, bearing 218°. Then 

 steer to pass about ^ mile eastward of Farewell Gull island, keeping 

 the southwestern point of Dog Bay islands open westward of the 

 northwestern islet off them, bearing 168°, to clear Dog reef. From 

 eastward of Farewell Gull island steer to pass a little eastward of 

 Steering island to clear Vesuvius rock, see page 530. 



Either of the channels between Bacalhao island and Starve head 

 is navigable, Clarke rock in the channel between the head and Berry 

 island being avoided. 



Having passed between Herring head and Herring islands, keep 

 the northeastern end of Berry island open northward of Herring 



