668 



EAST COAST OF LABEADOR. 



the mission stations or at the posts of the Hudson Bay Company 

 during winter, and fish along the coast in summer. 



Intercourse is kept up occasionally, during winter, by dog sledges 

 (locally komatiks) between Rigoulette, Hopedale, Davis inlet, Zoar, 

 Nain, Okkak, Hebron, Eamah, and Nachvak; and Eskimos from 

 Ungava occasionally go to Nachvak during winter. In summer 

 traveling can only be done by sea. 



The Moravian mission stations are Makovik, Hopedale, Zoar, Nain, 

 Okkak, Hebron, and Ramah. The headquarters are at Nain, where 

 the superintendents, both of trade and mission work, reside. 



The natives are spread over the coast from Makovik to cape 

 Chidley. 



The Indians from the interior come to the posts of the Hudson 

 Bay Company in severe winters, but only when pressed by hunger, as 

 a deadly feud exists between them and the Eskimos. 



Refraction and mirage have caused great difficulty in attaining 

 sextant altitudes at sea off the northern part of the coast of Labrador. 

 This state of the atmosphere is said to be characteristic of the few 

 fine days of summer. 



Trade. — The exports from Labrador in 1905, consisting chiefly of 

 dry codfish, salmon, cod and whale oils, furs, and lumber, were of the 

 estimated value of $3,082,503. This includes the exports of the Mo- 

 ravian missions, which were valued at $48,442. 



Tahle of the mean monthly temperature, Fahrenheit, at six Moravian mission 



stations. 



[Observations taken at 8 a. m. during the number of years given.] 



Month. 



January 



February ., 



March 



April 



May 



June 



July 



Angnst 



September 

 October . . . 

 November. 

 December . 



Mean 



Hopedale 



(six years). 



-7.9 

 -5.8 

 6.4 

 21.2 

 33.2 

 42.9 

 50.9 

 50.7 

 42.1 

 32.9 

 19.6 

 3.0 



24.1 



Zoar 



(six years). 



-12.8 



- 8.5 

 2.6 



19.0 

 32.3 

 42.4 

 49.8 

 50.5 

 41.7 

 82.3 

 17.6 



- 0.6 



Nain 

 (six years). 



22.3 



-11.7 



- 7.8 



3.4 



18.3 



32.0 



41.5 



47.1 



48.7 



40.8 



31.1 



18.1 



0.7 



21.9 



Okkak 



(five 



years). 



-9.9 

 -8.1 

 2.3 

 18.5 

 32.5 

 42.1 

 47.3 

 47.6 

 40.1 

 31.8 

 17.9 

 0.8 



21.9 



Hebron 

 (seven 

 years). 



-9.7 

 -9.4 

 2.5 

 17.0 

 32.3 

 40.1 

 46.6 

 46.4 

 38.6 

 29.5 

 18.3 

 2.1 



21.2 



Ramah 

 (five 

 years). 



-7.9 

 -7.8 

 2.5 

 20.1 

 34.5 

 42.1 

 49.3 

 46.9 

 38.6 

 30.7 

 19.7 

 2.5 



22.6 



The highest temperatures recorded by the maximum thermometer 

 are, at Hopedale, 83°.6 on July 14, 1890; Nain, 77° on July 30, 1887; 

 Hebron, 86°.2 on August 3, 1890; and the lowest temperatures 

 recorded by the minimum thermometer are, at Hopedale, —36°. 4 on 

 February 11, 1888; Zoar, —38° on January 21, 1884; Nain, — 36°.5 on 

 January 21, 1884 ; and Hebron, —40° on January 17, 1891. 



