can be done using either current techniques and facilities, such as the 
Elevated Causeway (Ref 8), or the Modular Causeway System (Ref 9) or 
technology developed under the Advanced Cargo Transfer Facilities Pro- 
ject (Ref 10) such as the folding spans on jackup foundations. 
2.6 Offloading Cranes 
The offloading crane must reflect the nature of the port opera- 
tions. For example, huge gantry cranes may not be appropriate for 
military operations in sensitive areas because of the target offered. 
Four major alternatives are possible in the choice of offloading cranes: 
@ Container gantry cranes 
@ Mobile truck or crawler mounted cranes 
@ Fixed, stiffleg or pedestal cranes 
@ Barge or ship cranes 
Mobile cranes are discussed at some length in Reference 11. A crane 
ship has been developed by the U.S. Navy and would be available for use 
at a floating pier. The additional berthing load imposed on the pier by 
nested ships must be considered in the design calculations. 
3.0 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 
3.1 Transportation to the Site 
Transportation to the site may be accomplished using ocean tow 
where transport time is not critical. Heavy lift ship transport can be 
used for transport speeds of up to 16 knots. See Reference 12 for fur- 
ther information on transportability. 
3.2 Installation Equipment 
The primary equipment needed to install the DWF is a minimum of two 
harbor tugs and a heavy lift crane. The tugs should be capable of open 
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