TC H GH 

 VIRGINIA .. '.. 

 ELIZABETH CITY .'iv^V F 



PLYMOUTH^ 

 WASHINGTON*.., 



WILMINGTON 



SOUTHPORT 

 SOUTH CAROLINA 



A 



LEGEND 



TC - ALL TROPICAL CYCLONES (40 MPH OR HIGHER) 



H - ALL HURRICANES 174 MPH OR HIGHER) 

 GH -GREAT HURRICANES (125 MPH OR HIGHER) 



Figure 21. Number of tropical cyclones (hurricanes) reaching the North 

 Carolina coast, by sector, for the period 1886-1970 



hurricane frequency rose to an above average level and remained there until 

 1960 when another decline began. 



Coastal Structures 



50. Various types of structures have been constructed on the beach and 

 in the nearshore zone along the study area coast (Table 3). They were con- 

 structed to serve four general needs: recreation and research (piers, Fig- 

 ure 22), coastal protection (bulkheads), coastal stabilization (groins, Fig- 

 ure 23), and navigation improvements (jetties, Figure 24). Jetties and groins 

 modify the directional distribution of energy approaching the adjacent shore- 

 line and act as barriers to longshore sand transport; piers also modify the 

 movement of sand in an alongshore direction. 



51. In addition to fixed coastal structures, beach fills and dunes or 



38 



