artificial dune-building occurred along much of the ocean shore; it was also 

 in this latter period that recreation became the dominant industry in the area. 

 Figure 30 shows average ocean shoreline change rates for the two periods in 

 the 36-km-long coastal reach south of Cape Henry; Figure 31 illustrates the 

 same parameters for the reach between Duck and Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. 

 The study area was divided into two areas because of the long intervening 

 reach for which shoreline position data were unavailable. Shoreline change 

 rates at Virginia Beach, Virginia, for the most recent 55 years of survey data 

 are illustrated in Figure 32; they are included separately because the influ- 

 ence of man in recent times at Virginia Beach has increased significantly. 



80. Extreme shoreline position excursion is another measure of shore- 

 line change variability (Figure 33). Taken over the 130-year period of record 

 this provides the maximum landward and seaward position to which the shoreline 

 moved, based on infrequently-taken survey data; the actual extreme shoreline 



LEGEND 



• ABOUT 1858 TO 

 ABOUT 1925 



■ ABOUT 1925 TO 

 1980 



LATITUDE 

 36 o 55 ._ CAPE HENRY 



VIRGINIA 

 BEACH 



36 50' 

 RUDEE INLET 



-2 -1 



AVERAGE SHORELINE CHANGE RATES, M/YEAR 



Figure 30. Average ocean shoreline change rates for the 36-km-lonj 

 reach south of Cape Henry in the periods 1859-1925 and 1925-1980 



67 



