Although Coast Guard regulations require lights only at the ends of the 

 breakwater, intermediate lights and radar targets would be helpful to naviga- 

 tors because the breakwater profile is low, long, and difficult to see in the 

 dark, stormy weather that is so frequent at the site. The breakwater has only 

 a 12-inch freeboard, instead of the 18 inches called for in the design. A 

 fabrication error is believed to have caused the overdraft. 



Wakes from vessels moving down Tongass Narrows from north to south move 

 directly through the opening between the end of the rock breakwater forming 

 Bar Harbor No. 2 and the southern end of the floating breakwater, causing 

 motion of the slips and boats in Bar Harbor. The breakwater reduces the reg- 

 ular boat wake quite well, but the potential exists for the large fishing ves- 

 sel, tug, or freighter to set a wake that will be very evident behind the 

 breakwater. 



d. Discussion. The water depths at the site indicate the floating break- 

 water is the logical type to meet the local need for additional moorage 

 space. In the design of future breakwaters of this type, attention should be 

 given to the difficulties encountered in the field in carrying out the post- 

 tensioning operation, the connection of modules, and the placement of the 

 heavy anchors. The omission of the breakwater section at the north end of the 

 harbor (Fig. 5) means that some of the mooring area will receive undamped wave 

 energy. Possibly, the placement of slips in this section should be delayed 

 until alternative protection is provided. 



South-traveling wind waves and boat wake readily pass into Bar Harbor 

 No. 2 between the south end of the floating breakwater and the north end of 

 the rock breakwater. Some corrective alternatives are as follows: 



(a) Add a stub section about normal to the south end of the pres- 

 ent floating breakwater. Alinement would have to give due regard to 

 waves from the south being reflected in adverse directions. 



(b) Reinstall the log breakwater (or similar) that previously 

 shielded Bar Harbor No. 2. 



(c) Adjust the anchor system of the main breakwater to allow it 

 to be rotated about 5°, and add an extension to narrow the harbor 

 entrance from its present 400-foot width. 



A pragmatic view is to adapt the floating breakwater to accommodate tran- 

 sient moorings. As it is now, transient boaters remove covers from the anchor 

 chain wells, fasten lines to hawse pipe or chains, then leave without replac- 

 ing the covers. Tiedown cleats, thicker walers, camels, or other fendering 

 systems would be required, along with a walkway to make a connection with the 

 main floats. This connection could be removed during the off-season. 



2. Sitka, Alaska. 



a. Location. Thorasen Harbor is on the east side of the waterway between 

 Japonski Island and Baranof Island, where Sitka is located (Figs. 6 and 7). 

 The waterway is about 1,300 feet wide and 40 feet deep. The breakwater is 

 used for transient moorage and has a fish-cleaning facility (see Fig. 8) for 

 the convenience of the harbor users. 



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