Upper Zone 



Since this zone was emerged for a period of approxi- 

 mately one month, it is doubtful that a true picture of the 

 original fouling can be constructed. Personal communica- 

 tion with the salvage officer on COCOPA, and polaroid 

 pictures taken when the submarine surfaced, have indicated 

 a much heavier fouling than that observed when the boat 

 was in drydock. The salvage officer reported a heavy con- 

 centration of large anemonies on the upper surface, which 

 made walking on the deck impossible. Those anemonies 

 that remained at the time of examination were so dehydrated 

 as to be unrecognizable. It is also possible that the mat of 

 Ul va continued up over the top surfaces. 



The False Jingle, Podo d esmus mac ro s chi sma (fig. 

 2E), was the most prevalent organism associated with this 

 zone. Hundreds of these shells littered the top deck. Many 

 had been dislodged and left only scars or chordate- shaped 

 byssus attachment remnants (figs. 21, 3, 4). By observing 

 the littered shells and scars made by the jingles on the 

 deck and superstructure, it is estimated that at least 50 

 percent of the upper zone was covered by these animals 

 (figs. 3, 4). The shells ranged in size from one to 4 inches 

 in diameter with an average of approximately 2i inches. 

 One upper valve of the rock scallop, Hinnit es mult i- 

 rugosus (fig. 2C), was found on deck, and the shell was 

 free of fouling, which is unusual for this species. Under 

 the deck grating, on the deck supports, and on the railings, 

 were several tests of large Serpulid tube worms, probably 

 Laeospira. Clusters of small, parchment- shelled tube 

 worms, tentatively identified as Phyl lochaetopt e rus 

 pro 1 if I c a, were common in similar situations. 



On the vertical sides of the deck plates, leading down 

 to the cylindrical pressure hull, were the tests of barnacles, 

 Balanus t i nt i nnabu lum californicus (fig. 2B), ranging 

 in size from -g to 1-| inches. The total barnacle population 

 of this zone consisted of less than 50 individuals. Small 

 solitary corals, identified* as -Pa rac z/at ?ius steamsii 



*by Dr. E. Allison, San Diego State College, 



