groins, detached breakwaters, or combinations of these elements. After 

 analysis of park usage, it is decided that a beach fill is not required and, 

 in any case, could not be maintained because of limited anticipated funding. 

 The groin alternative is eliminated because a large cross -shore component of 

 transport exists due to persistent short-period waves. A system of segmented 

 detached breakwaters combined with a moderate initial fill placed at critical- 

 ly eroded sections best meets project objectives and is selected for implemen- 

 tation. At Step e of the planning process, the detached breakwater system 

 would be optimized by determining the distance for placement offshore, 

 orientation, gap width between breakwaters, crown height and structure 

 thickness, construction material, etc., as well as the amount of fill 

 required. Potential impacts of the project on beachfront properties located 

 beyond the borders of the park would also be considered. 



Steps f and g 



44. After the project is constructed, it should be monitored to 

 ascertain that the final design was properly implemented (and to record 

 deviations from the design) and to evaluate its performance. The monitoring 

 plan should be formulated to answer the question of whether the project 

 achieved its purpose according to the criteria developed at Step a. By 

 designing the monitoring program to address the problem statement at Step a, 

 both a productive and economical monitoring plan can be developed. Results of 

 the project should be published and the processed data archived for use in 

 future assessments and research and by other projects . 



Role of Shoreline Change Modeling 



45. Shoreline change modeling is closely associated with and can 

 greatly aid the planning process described in the preceding section. This 

 section discusses those relations. 



Step b 



46. Data requirements of the shoreline change model (discussed in 

 detail in Part IV) include a wide range of coastal process- and project- 

 related information. Within the framework of shoreline change modeling, 

 guidelines are available for collecting, reducing, and analyzing the data in a 



29 



