Figure 18. Partly vegetated coastal sand dunes. Eastern 



Alabama near Florida/ Alabama state line (March 



1991). This area was devastated by Hurricane 



Frederic in 1979 47 



Figure 19. Rhizomes help hold sand in place and spread the 



colonization of dune grasses. Eastern Alabama near 

 Florida/Alabama state line (March 1991) 49 



Figure 20. A three-dimensional view of some features commonly 

 associated with a barrier island system, including 

 the back barrier, overwash fans, and lagoons 51 



Figure 21. Aerial view of unstabilized barrier inlet showing 



shallow parts of the flood and ebb tidal deltas 56 



Figure 22. Linear shoals on the New Jersey coast. Note the 



abundance of shoreface-connected shoals throughout 

 and the isolated shoals which are most abundant off 

 the Brigantine area 59 



Figure 23. Cape-associated shoals off Canaveral Peninsula, a 

 large cuspate foreland on the Florida Adantic coast. 

 Note shoreface-connected linear shoals north of 

 False Cape 61 



Figure 24. Bottom-mounted Sea Data™ 635-12 directional wave 

 gage mounted in tripod using railroad wheels as 

 corner weights 67 



Figure 25. Deepwater wave hindcasting curves 67 



Figure 26. Littoral Environmental Observation forms used by 

 the volunteer observers participating in the 

 LEO program 68 



Figure 27. Monthly water level changes at Juneau, AK. High 

 water typically occurs October-December. Data 

 from Lyles, Hickman, and Debaugh (1988) 70 



Figure 28. Monthly water level changes at Galveston, TX. 

 High water occurs twice per year: April and 

 September-November 70 



Figure 29. Yearly mean sea level changes at Juneau, AK, from 

 1936-1986. The overall fall in sea level shows the 

 effects of isostatic rebound. Data from Lyles, 

 Hickman, and Debaugh (1988) 71 



