PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC STUDIES 



a. Sound velocity and water temperature 



The velocity of sound in sea water was measured by 

 an NBS-ONR "sing around" velocimeter. Water temperature 

 was measured by an NEL temperature probe and recorder. 

 A technique was devised to tow both of these so that con- 

 tinuous recording could be made along a horizontal track at 

 constant depth. Correlative measurements of vertical 

 water temperature were made by BT every 2 to 4 hours; 

 176 BT's were taken on the trip. However, the values of 

 water temperature and sound velocity presented in table 3 

 are those taken a few weeks later by the Mackenzie party, 

 since that group used the acoustic model reported here in 

 their experiments and in the preparation of several reports. 



TABLE 3. PROPERTIES OF BOTTOM WATER IN THE SHALLOW BERING SEA (AUGUST 1960) 















Density, 



Sound 





Depth (m) 



Pressure 

 (kg/cm 2 ) 



Salinity 



(°/oo) 



Temp. 

 CO 



in situ 

 (g/cc) 



Speed 



Location 



Sounder 



True 



(m/sec) 



(1) 





(2) 



(3) 



(41 



(5) 



(6) 



(7) 



A 



28.7 



28.9 



3.99 



31.8 



1.67 



1.0257 



1452.9 



A' 



32.3 



32.5 



4.36 



31.8 



1.67 





1452.9 



B 



36.8 



37.0 



4.82 



31.2 



6.67 



1.0247 



1473.4 



B' 



34.2 



34.4 



4.56 



31.2 



6.67 





1473.4 



C 



46.9 



47.2 



5.87 



31.8 



6.11 



1.0253 



1472.0 



C 1 



53.3 



53.6 



6.52 



31.8 



6.11 





1472.1 



NOTES: 



(1) Location correlates with figures 1 and 2. 



(2) True depth computed using water velocity of 1472 m/sec. 49 



(3) Pressure using 1.03 kg/cm 2 for depth and 11.28 kg/cm 2 at 100 m. : 



(4) Salinity for B and B' from refs. 49 and 51. 



(5) Temperatures from D. L. Keir, NEL (personal communication). 



(6) Avg. ; computed from T, P, S from ref. 52. 



(7) Sound speed from ref. 8. 



17 



