S^guAlfY ^ t ^fl^JA^SNt'^ T^^lj IJAgg 



REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 



la. REPORT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 



Unclassified 



lb, RESTRICTIVE MARKINGS 



2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 



2b. DECLASSIFICATION / DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE 



DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF REPORT 



Approved for public release; distribution 



4. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 

 Technical Report REMR-CO-1 



5. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S) 



6a. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 

 USAEWES, Coastal 

 Engineering Research Center 



6b OFFICE SYMBOL 

 (If applicibit) 



7a. NAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATION 



6c ADDRESS (Oty, Statt, and ZlPCodt) 



PO Box 631 



Vicksburg, MS 39180-0631 



7b. ADDRESS (Cty, Stat; and ZIP Code) 



8a. NAME OF FUNDING /SPONSORING 

 ORGANIZATION 



US Army Corps of Engineers 



8b. OFFICE SYMBOL 

 (If applitabft) 



9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER 



8c ADDRESS (Oty, State, and ZIP Codt) 



Washington, DC 20314-1000 



10 SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS 



32278 



It TITLE (Include Security Oassification) 



Stability of Rubble-Mound Breakwater and Jetty Toes; Survey of Field Experience 



12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) 



Markle, Dennis G. 



133. TYPE OF REPORT 

 Final report 



13b. TIME COVERED 

 FROM Feb 84 TO Oct 85 



14. DATE OF REPORT l^ear, Month, Day) 15. PAGE COUNT 

 December 1986 82 



16 SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION 



Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, 

 VA 22161. 



COSATI COOES 



18. SUBJECT TERMS (Continue on revene if necessary and identify by block number) 

 Armor units Rubble mound Wave stability 

 Breakwaters Toe scour 

 Jetties Water waves 



'9 ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if necessary and identify by block number) 



The purpose of this survey of field experience is to present an overview of the 

 coastal rubble-mound breakwaters and jetties built and/or maintained by the US Army Corps 

 of Engineers that have or have had stability problems related to structure toes. Exten- 

 sive discussions with US Army Corps of Engineers division and district personnel, along 

 with review of district office files, revealed that rubble-mound toe stability is a major 

 repair and rehabilitation problem that can be divided into two major design categories: 

 (a) design of buttressing stone placed at the toe of an armor slope to prevent downslope 

 slippage of primary armor, and (b) design of toe berm armor size and geometry that will be 

 stable for incident wave and flow conditions and will prevent, or at least slow down, 

 scour and undermining of a structure's toe. No firm guidance presently exists to aid 

 Corps personnel with these two design problems, and most design work is carried out using 



(Continued) 



20 DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY OF ABSTRACT 

 SluNCLASSIFIEDAJNLIMITED D SAME AS RPT 



QOTIC USERS 



21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 

 Unclassified 



22a NAME OF RESPONSIBLE INDIVIDUAL 



22b. TELEPHONE (/nc/ude Af»J Code) 22c. OFFICE SYMBOL 



00 FORM 1473, 84 MAR 



83 APR edition may be used until exhausted. 

 All other editions are obsolete. 



SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE 

 Unclassified 



