PREFACE 
The investigations summarized in this report were authorized by the 
Office, Chief of Engineers (OCE), US Army Corps of Engineers, and performed as 
a part of Civil Works Research Work Unit 31234, "Developing Functional and 
Structural Design Criteria." Funds were provided through the Coastal 
Structures Evaluation and Design Research and Development Program administered 
by the Coastal Design Branch of the Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) 
at the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES). 
This report was written by Dr. Yen-hsi Chu, Mr. Robert B. Lund, and 
Dr. Fred E. Camfield, CERC. Ms. Jamie W. Leach, Information Technology 
Laboratory, WES, was the technical editor. 
The work was conducted under general direction of Mr. C. E. Chatham, Jr., 
Chief, Wave Dynamics Division; Mr. Charles C. Calhoun, Jr., Assistant Chief, 
CERC; and Dr. James R. Houston, Chief, CERC. 
COL Allen F. Grum, USA, was the previous Director of WES. COL Dwayne G. 
Lee, CE, is the present Commander and Director of WES. Dr. Robert W. Whalin 
is Technical Director. 
