Appendix C 

 LIST OF SVMBOLS 



Aj_ Amplitude of signal received through 

 path length L-^ (dvne/cm 2 ) 



A2 Amplitude of signal received through 

 path length L2 (dyne/cm 2 ) 



a Average vertical sound velocity gradient 

 within sediment (sec _ l) 



A^ Amplitude of incident signal 



A r Amplitude of reflected signal 



BL Acoustic bottom loss (decibels, dB) 



c "olume concentration of particles 



c c Comnressional wave velocity through 

 suspension (m/m sec) 



D Arrival time of direct wave to sonobuov 



d Distance between reflecting layers (m) 



Ej Modules of elasticity (dynes/cm 2 ) 



f Frequency (kHz) 



h Thickness of sediment layer (km) 



Ki ,K2 Constants 



K Bulk modulus or imcompressibilitv 

 (dvnes/cm 2 ) 



k Bulk modulus of elasticitv (dvnes/cm 2 ) 



k^ Wave number 



L n Fiona] path length (m) through path n 



n D orositv of sediment or elastic media 



Reflection coefficient 



r Correlation between V and n 



r p Radius of narticle (cm) 



T Vertical reflection time 



T Reflection time at distance X from the 

 source 



t One-way sound travel time within 

 sediment (sec) 



At Difference between arrival times of the 

 reflected wave fronts 



V Compressional velocity of sound or 

 interval velocitv in layer (cm/sec) 



V Inverse of slope of T 2 ,X 2 line at the 

 origin 



Vjq Horizontal velocitv in seawater 



V n Interval velocity for nth layer 



V p Compressional wave velocitv (cm/ sec) 



V Shear wave velocitv (cm/sec) 



V Velocitv of sound in sediments at the 

 water-sediment interface (km/sec) 



Vi Compressional velocity of sound in 

 medium 1 (cm/sec) 



Vo Compressional velocity of sound in 

 medium 2 (cm/sec) 



V(Z) Compressional velocity of sound at 

 sediment depth Z (km/sec) 



v Velocitv of sound in water (~1500 m/sec) 



X Distance from source 



(continued ) 



39 



