25. Seaward of the 450 -m distance from the baseline and -4.5-m depth, 

 to the seaward limit of the profile (see Table 3), the profile elevations were 

 essentially the same throughout the study (Figure 5b). Howd and Birkemeier 

 (1987) found that over the longer 1982 to 1984 period, the vertical change was 

 minimal seaward of the -7-m depth, which occurred about 700 m seaward from the 

 baseline. During this shorter study period, which experienced minimal high 

 wave energy events, the area of minimal elevation change moved inshore. 



26. For the study period, the volumes and areas of erosion and accre- 

 tion were plotted between each profile. Appendix A contains the profile pairs 

 showing the pattern of erosion and accretion. The nearshore bar was quite 

 active, moving in response to the wave climate. A prospective view of Profile 

 Line 62 is shown in Figure 8. From the beginning of the study in March 1984 

 to September 1984, the bar migrated inshore. The movement of the bar to its 

 farthermost offshore position was in response to a storm from 11 to 15 October 

 1984. Another storm on 3 to 5 January 1985 also caused the bar to retreat 

 seaward. From March 1985 to the end of the study, the bar position was rela- 

 tively stable, fluctuating between 150 and 200 m seaward of the baseline and 

 finally moving inshore at the end of the summer months of 1985. 



27. Calculations of cumulative volume changes between profiles from the 

 ISRP program (Birkemeier 1984) for the beach above and below NGVD are shown in 

 Figure 9a. The above NGVD volumes represent the changes on the berm and the 

 foreshore area, from 65 m seaward of the baseline (base of dune) to the 



crossing position. The bar/trough and nearshore area, from the crossing 

 out to 650 m seaward of the baseline (shortest profile in the data set) , are 

 included in the below NGVD changes . The net change in cumulative volume 

 across the entire profile, from the base of the dune at 65 m out to the short- 

 est profile at 650 m, is shown on Figure 9b. The general trend in cumulative 

 change is of a net accretion of volume on all locations across the profile 

 during the study. During the spring of 1984, the above NGVD portion of the 

 profile showed a net loss of sand volume, whereas the below NGVD area gained 

 volume. After the large storm in October 1984, the trend was toward accretion 

 on both the beach and nearshore regions . This cumulative volume change can 

 only be interpreted in cross -shore changes, while in reality, volume changes 

 are a result of alongshore movements of sediment also. A net gain of 41 m 3 /m 

 was measured over this 17.8 month study as the berm received sand. The 

 nearshore bar region also showed a net gain of 77 m 3 /m. The total net profile 



33 



