REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 



Form Approved 

 OMB No. 0704-0188 



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 collection of information, including suggestions tor reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson 

 Davis Highway. Suite 1204, Arlington, V A 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503 



1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 



2. REPORT DATE 



December 1993 



3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED 



Final report 



4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 



Engineering Design Guidance for Detached Breakwaters as Shoreline 

 Stabilization Structures 



6. AUTHOR(S) 



Monica Chasten, Julie D. Rosati, John W. McConnick, 



Robert E. Randall 



7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 



USAE Waterways Experiment Station, Coastal Engineering Research 

 Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS 39180-6199 

 Texas A&M University, Ocean Engineering Program, Civil Engineering 

 Department, College Station, TX 77843 



5. FUNDING NUMBERS 



WU 32748 



8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 

 REPORT NUMBER 



Technical Report 

 CERC-93-19 



9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 



U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 

 Washington, DC 20314-1000 



10. SPONSORING / MONITORING 

 AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 



11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 

 Available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161 



12a. DISTRIBUTION /AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 

 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 



12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE 



13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) 



Detached breakwaters can be a viable method of shoreline stabilization and protection in the United States. 

 Breakwaters can be designed to retard erosion of an existing beach, promote natural sedimentation to form a new 

 beach, increase the longevity of a beach fill, and maintain a wide beach for storm damage reduction and recreation. 

 The combination of low-crested breakwaters and planted marsh grasses is increasingly being used to establish 

 wetlands and control erosion along estuarine shorelines. 



This report summarizes and presents the most recent functional and structural design guidance available for 

 detached breakwaters and provides examples of both prototype projects and the use of available tools to assist in 

 breakwater design. Functional design guidance presented includes a review of existing analytical techniques and 

 design procedures, functional design considerations, and data requirements. The chapter on structural design 

 guidance includes static and dynamic breakwater stability and methods to determine performance characteristics 

 such as transmission, reflection, and energy dissipation. Also included is a discussion of numerical and physical 

 modeling as tools for prediction of morphological response to detached breakwaters, and a case example of a 

 breakwater project designed and constructed at Bay Ridge, Maryland. 



14. SUBJECT TERMS 



Beach Stabilization 

 Breakwaters 



Salient 

 Tombolo 



15. NUMBER OF PAGES 



167 



16. PRICE CODE 



SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 

 OF REPORT 



UNCLASSIFIED 



SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 

 OF THIS PAGE 



UNCLASSIFIED 



SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 

 OF ABSTRACT 



20. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT 



NSN 7540-01-280-5500 



Standard Form 298 (Rev 2-89) 



Prescribed by ANSI Std 239-18 

 298-102 



