Plan 3 (Plate 3) involved the roughened breakwater of Plan 1 in 

 conjunction with the beach fill of Plan 2. 



Plan 4 (Plate 4) consisted of an offshore berm installed at the approxi- 

 mate -3.0-m (-10-ft) contour. The submerged berm represented about 

 152,920 cu m (200,(XX) cu yd) of sand and was 350 m (1,150 ft) long 

 with a crest width of 91.4 m (300 ft). Its crest height was -1.2 m 

 (-4 ft) and the berm had 1V:50H side slopes. 



Plan 5 (Plate 5) involved an offshore bemi installed at approximately 

 the -4.6-m (-15-ft) contour. The submerged berm represented about 

 76,460 cu m (100,000 cu yd) of sand and was 190.5 m (625 ft) long 

 with a crest width of 30.5 m (100 ft). Its crest el was -1.8 m (-6 ft) 

 with 1V:25H side slopes. 



Plan 6 (Plate 6) consisted of the installation of a 914-m-long (3,000-ft- 

 long) stone spur jetty. The spur jetty originated from the north break- 

 water and extended north parallel to Camp Ellis Beach shoreward of 

 the -3-m (-10-ft) contour. The crest el of the jetty was +3 m (-(-10 ft) 

 and it had 1V:1.5H side slopes. 



Plan 7 (Plate 7) entailed the 914-m-long (3,000-ft-long) spur jefty of 

 Plan 6, but the crest el was raised from +3 to -t-4.6 m (-i-lO to -t-15 ft). 



Plan 8 (Plate 7) involved the -i-4.6-m-high (-t-15-ft-high) spur jetty of 

 Plan 7, but the jetty length was decreased from 914 to 457 m (3,000 to 

 1,500 ft). 



Plan 9 (Plate 8) consisted of the removal of the entire existing north 

 breakwater. 



Historical erosion tests 



To better understand littoral processes at the study site, historical tests were 

 conducted after testing of improvement plans. Sediment tracer tests, both with 

 and without river flow conditions, were conducted for three historical test 

 series. Initial tests involved the natural pre-breakwater condition of 1866 

 (Plate 10). The original north breakwater completed in 1873 (crest el -i-3 m 

 (-(-10 ft) then was tested (Plate 11), followed by raising the initial structure to 

 -(-4.6 m (-Hi 5 ft) in el (Plate 12), which was accomplished in 1897, and con- 

 struction of a south jetty (completed 1894). Offshore contours were remolded 

 in cement mortar to 1866 conditions for the historical tests; however, sediment 

 along the river mouth and adjacent to Camp Ellis Beach was molded in tracer 

 material to 1866 conditions to qualitatively determine sediment movement 

 patterns for the range of conditions tested. 



22 



Chapter 4 Tests and Results 



