Table 3 



East and West Breakwaters 



Kahului Harbor, Maui, Hawaii* 



Date(s) Construction and Rehabilitation History 



1900 The Kahului Railroad Company constructed the original harbor which 

 consisted of a berthing area, a dredged channel, and a 400-ft-long 

 east breakwater (Figure 5, location map). 



1913 The first breakwater improvements constructed by the Corps of 



Engineers were completed (Figure 6). These improvements included 

 a 400-ft-long extension of the east breakwater. 



1919 The Corps constructed the west breakwater to a length of 1,950 ft. 



1931 Extensions of the east and west breakwaters to lengths of 2,766 ft 

 and 2,315 ft, respectively, were completed. 



1931- Maintenance costs exceeded $1,000,000. Routine maintenance and 

 1954 repair involved approximate restoration of damaged breakwater sec- 

 tions to their original conditions. 



On 14-17 October 1943 the east breakwater was damaged. Approxi- 

 mately 45 tons of rock on the extreme east end were dislodged and 

 washed into the inner harbor area. Approximately 150 ft shoreward 

 of the east breakwater light a larger mass of stone was dislodged 

 and washed into the harbor. This break was on the inside of the 

 east breakwater and covered an area approximately 75 ft long and 

 20 ft deep. The Estimated repair quantity was 250 tons. 



On 1 April 1946 a tsunami damaged the west breakwater. No details 

 concerning the damage were found. 



^Design conditions are characterized by two primary wave types: (1) North- 

 east trade winds of 10-20 mph which generate the predominant wave from May to 

 September. Typical waves are characterized by periods of 6-10 sec and heights 

 of 4-12 ft. (2) Northern swells which generate the predominant waves from 

 October to March with deepwater wave heights of 5-25 ft and periods of 12- 

 18 sec. Hindcasts and refraction analyses show waves as high as 45 ft re- 

 sulting from 25-ft, 18-sec deepwater waves. Toes of the seaward ends of both 

 breakwaters are in approximately 42 ft of water. Assuming a design storm 

 water level at +2.5 ft mllw and using controlling depth criteria, the design 

 wave height for the outer ends of both breakwaters is 34 ft. 



(Continued) 



(Sheet 1 of 5) 



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