Maynard, A. K. , and Suter, J. R. 1983. "Regional Variability of Washover 

 Deposits on the South Texas Coast," Transactions , Gulf Coast Association of 

 Geological Societies, Vol 33, pp 339-346. 



Overwash processes play an important role in determining the 

 stratigraphy of microtidal barrier islands. Along the microtidal coast of 

 south Texas, regional variability in barrier island geometry produces a 

 spectrum of washover types. South Padre Island is a low-profile, 

 transgressive feature with a discontinuous to nonexistent foredune ridge. It 

 displays sheet overwash, coalescing washover terraces, and washover fans fed 

 by large hurricane channels. North Padre and Mustang Islands are high- 

 profile barrier islands with continuous foredune ridges, and thus only small, 

 discrete interdune washovers occur. The relict tidal inlets between Mustang 

 and Padre Islands are the sites of the largest washovers in the system, 

 termed reactivated tidal deltas. This last type, although relatively rare in 

 modern washover deposits, is probably similar in mode of origin to the large 

 lobate backbarrier features found on many high-profile barriers on the Texas 

 coast. (Authors) 



Pierce, J. W. 1970. "Tidal Inlets and Washover Fans," Journal of Geology, 

 Vol 78, pp 230-234. 



Tidal inlets and washover fans are genetically related. The resulting 

 feature is dependent upon barrier configuration, depths in the lagoon adja- 

 cent to the barrier, and the direction from which the storm surge came, 

 either from the sea or the lagoon. 



Attack on barrier islands from the seaward side by waves overtopping the 

 barrier will result in washover fans on wide barriers where extensive adjoin- 

 ing tidal flats are present. Inlets can be cut by this type attack on narrow 

 barriers where no tidal flats are present. Storm surge from the lagoonal 

 side, if channeled along tidal creeks, can easily cut inlets through a 

 barrier. (Author) 



Rosen, S. P. 1979. "Eolian Dynamics of a Barrier Island System," in 

 Leatherman, S.P., ed., Barrier Islands: From the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the 

 Gulf of Mexico, Academic Press, New York, N.Y. , pp 81-98. 



Eolian transport of sand was monitored by using directional sand traps 

 on the beach, foredune, overwash and spit environments of Tabusintac barrier 

 system in northeast New Brunswick. The total volume of sand moved over the 

 system was computed from the measured transport rates. 



A large volume of sand (1,720 m^ ) was transported in the alongshore 

 directions from storm overwash deposits into vegetated backdune areas to 

 produce vertical accretion. In 1977, the storm overwash deposits accounted 

 for 8 percent of the subaerial volume of the system. 



Net cross-island transport was offshore from overwash areas and the 

 mid-backbeach (1,556 m^) in response to prevalent offshore winds. A 

 comparable volume (2,100 m^ ) of sand was moved onshore from the beach to the 

 foredune base. Approximately 220 m^ of this amount crossed accretional dune 

 crests, but very little was transported up wave-eroded dune crests; hence, 

 only the former grew vertically. The remainder was transported alongshore in 



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