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Figure 4. The Computational Grid (after Butler and Prater, 1986) 



New York Bight area. Combinations of these parameters resulted in the 

 construction of 306 hurricanes, each described by a single probability of 

 occurrence . 



Input for northeasters was based on historical wind speed, direction, and 

 atmospheric data (Brooks and Corson, 1984). Historical records were obtained 

 from 101 northeaster storm events for the study area. These events 

 wereidentif ied as storms which produced at least a 0.7-m storm surge at the 

 Sandy Hook, New Jersey, gage during the 41-year period of 1940-1980. 

 Twenty- seven of these storms were selected as representative for the study 

 area, each of which was assigned a historically based probability of 

 occurrence. 



The hurricane and northeaster data were used separately as the offshore 

 boundary condition for the numerical model to compute a data base of water 

 level time histories for each storm at each grid cell. Each of the 

 hurricane and northeaster events was then randomly superimposed on historical 

 tidal records at selected locations such that a total surge index was con- 

 structed which represented a combination of both tide and storm surge. This 

 linear superposition of tide and surge neglects the nonlinear interaction of 

 the two phenomena. This simplification is considered not to be severe for 

 open coastal areas. 



138 



