Table B-2. Electronic Positioning Systems 



System Type 



Application 



Range 



Resolution 



Limitations 



AUTOTAPE 



precision hydrographic surveys 



line of sight — 25 miles 



0.1 meter 



intervening land or objects will interfere or cause 

 multipath signals 



DECCA IDecca Navigator. 

 Survey Decca. Two Range 



medium range navigation or surveying 



300 miles for Decca Navigator. 

 much less for other two 



0.01 lane 



need special charts with imprinted DECCA lanes; 

 needs four radio channels or frequencies 



DISTOMAT 



precise distance measurement 



12 miles 



1 cm 



line-of-sight use only; affected bv meteorological 



ELECTROTAPE 



precisedistance measurement 



- 



1cm 



same as DISTOMAT 



ELECTROTRANSIT 



precise angie measurements 



30 miles 





- 



E.O.S. 



precision base-line measurement 



9 miles (day), 15 miles (night) 



" 



line-of-sight use 



used mostly at night, line of sight must be clear 



GEODIMETER 



precision base- me measuremen 



line of sight 



about 1 cm 



of foliage or other light-obstructing objects, 



HI-FIX 



medium-range hydrographic surveys 



150 miles for 100-watt 

 300 500 miles depending on 



0.01 lane 



affected by sky-wave interference 



LAMBDA 



long-range surveys 



regional noise level and 

 transmitter power 





same as above 



LORAC 



medium-range hydrographic surveys 



250 miles 



0.01 lane 



sky-wave interference causes lane jumps 



LORAN B 



medium-range precise navigation 



250 miles 



0.01 usee 



requires very strong signal-Io-noise ratio 



MAP 



short-range surveying 



line of sight or about 30 miles 

 from shore station 



" 



not as accurate as phase comparison systems 



MORAN 



short-range surveying 



line of sight 



1/1 .000 mile 



same as above 



RAYDIST 



medium-range hydrographic surveys 



150 miles for 100-watt 



0.01 lane 



requires a number of frequencies, usually 4 



SHIRAN 



precision short-range surveying system 



line of sight 



0.2 meter 



meteorological variations affect accuracies 



SHORAN 



short-range surveying 



line of sight, usually about 

 40 miles 



1/1 ,000 mile 



not as accurate as phase comparison systems, 

 cannot be used in many areas because of inter- 









ference with signals to satellites 



TELLUROMETER 



precise distance measurements 



line of sight 



1 mm 



- 



TRANSIT 



precise long-range navigation 



within receiving range ol 



1/100 minute of 



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