Piers 1-3 



Wind wave and swell activity at existing Piers 1-3 is not appreciably changed 

 in any of the alternative plans. The proposed Pier 1 extension will experience an 

 increase in wave heights with closer proximity to the entrance. Surge level is 

 increased in some plans. A nodal area between the seaward end of Pier 2 and the 

 middle of Pier 1 is visible in all plans, including the existing harbor. The Pier 1 

 extension will likely be in the nodal area for the 176- to 178-sec resonant 

 oscillation. 



Barge facility 



Wind waves and swell at the recommended Concept 12 configuration along 

 the southwest side of Pier 2 are similar to the more seaward parts of existing 

 Piers 1 and 2. Surge activity is substantially lower than at existing facilities 

 except in plans which include a landfill in the southwest harbor. 



Passenger ship pier 



Wind wave and swell protection varies greatly between plans, ranging from 

 better than any existing facilities to much worse. Surge activity is similar to or 

 higher than the present Pier 1. 



Boat ramp 



Most plans have the added benefit of helping to shelter the boat ramp from 

 wind waves and swell. Overall surge levels are generally similar to the existing 

 harbor except in Plan 5. 



Model performance 



The final numerical model behaved realistically when compared to field 

 observations at Kahului Harbor. There is a high level of confidence in the 

 predictions made by the model, especially those involving comparisons between 

 harbor alternatives. 



Limitations 



No instances of operational problems inside the harbor were reported during 

 the measurement studies, although they are known to have occurred in the past. 

 (One episode of hazardous waves at the entrance, resulting in harbor closing, 

 was recorded.) Such events would have been very helpful in identifying more 

 clearly the processes and threshold wave heights which deter specific operations 

 in the harbor. They would also have aided the evaluation of alternative plans. 

 There are inherent limits on the numerical model representations of the harbor 

 response. Wave climate information used to evaluate each plan was based 

 mainly on 1 1 months of field data. Ship and mooring system responses, the 

 ultimate operational concern, were not explicitly studied. 



XIV 



