This hindcast study was updated by Reinhard, Driver, and Hubertz (1991). In 

 the updated report, 32 years (1956-1987) of hindcast wind and wave information 

 are summarized for locations along the U.S. shoreline of Lake Huron in four data 

 products: percent occurrence tables, wave rose diagrams, mean and largest wave 

 heights, and 32-year statistics tables and return period tables. The complete 

 hindcast is available at 3-hr intervals for the period of record. Deepwater wave 

 hindcast data for the Port Huron model were obtained at Sta 1 (Figure 18). 



■ 1 



LAKE 

 HURON 



HINDCAST STA TION fT^ 



S J: 





-N- 



1 



/■•■ 43° 20- 



PORT .•' 



^..-.-r-r-^""^ 









HURON C 



\r 







43° 00'- 



.030.^ 



Ati. ST CLAIR RIVER 



82° 00' 







Figure 1 8. Location of wave hindcast station 



Wave transformation. When waves move into water of gradually decreas- 

 ing depth, transformations take place in all wave characteristics except wave 

 period (to the first order of approximation). The most important transformations 

 with respect to selection of experimental wave characteristics are the changes in 

 wave height and direction of travel because of the phenomenon referred to as 

 wave refraction. When the refraction coefficient Kr is determined, it is multiplied 

 by the shoaling coefficient Ks and gives a conversion factor for deepwater wave 

 heights to shallow-water values. The shoaling coefficient, a function of wave 

 length and water depth, can be obtained from the Shore Protection Manual 

 (1984). 



For this study, deepwater wave data were converted to shallow-water values 

 through the use of a wave-transformation model. The transformation model 

 included refractive, diffractive, and shoaling effects of the offshore bathymetry. 

 Wave characteristics were transformed from the wave hindcast station (Figure 18) 

 to the approximate location of the wave generator in the model using the computer 

 program WAVETRAN (Jensen 1983). The program is based upon the TMA 



Chapter 6 Physical Model 



37 



