When the sounding has been completed or refusal met, the cone is 

 retracted. The structure can then be either moved over slightly to 

 repeat the sounding for comparison or brought back on board before 

 moving to a new sounding location. 



Data Acquired 



The data from the cone pressure, friction sleeve, and jetting 

 friction sleeve for one sounding as recorded by the strip chart recorder 

 are shown in Figure 8. Measurements are all recorded in kilograms per 

 square centimeter. The magnitude of the chart scales can be varied for 

 different soils by changing the millivolt settings on the strip chart 

 recorder. The depth scale is dependent upon the chart speed, which can 

 be set by chart controls or controlled by the depth encoder. 



TEST PROGRAM 



The testing of the XSP had two objectives. The primary one was to 

 evaluate the jetting system in terms of its effectiveness in allowing 

 deeper seafloor penetration and its effect on the data. A secondary 

 objective was to perform a general evaluation by testing the penetrom- 

 eter in different soil types. To meet these objectives field tests have 

 been conducted with the XSP in Norton Sound, Alaska; near Port Hueneme, 

 Calif.; in San Francisco Bay, Calif.; and near Coronado, Calif. The XSP 

 test sites are shown in Figure 9. 



The Norton Sound tests were conducted in conjunction with the U.S. 

 Geological Survey (USGS). USGS's purpose in conducting these tests was 

 to provide quantitative geotechnical information on the behavior of a 

 variety of marine sediments that may be involved in processes (such as 

 gas charging, wave-induced liquefaction, and ice gouging), potentially 

 hazardous to offshore development. For the Navy, these tests provided 

 an opportunity to evaluate the jetting system at a site with dense 

 sands. The Port Hueneme tests were conducted to evaluate the jetting 

 system in mixed soils (over 20% each of sand, silt, and clay) and to 

 provide data to a project evaluating propellant-embedded anchor holding 

 capacity. The XSP data can be used to calculate the undrained shear 

 strength of the soil which is a parameter in the equation for 

 propellant-embedded anchor holding capacity. The San Francisco Bay 

 tests were conducted to evaluate the XSP in a "mud" seafloor and to 

 provide additional data on the anchor holding capacity project. The 

 Coronado tests were conducted to evaluate the water jet. The data were 

 used by another project to determine the depth at which a layer of hard 

 material, possibly cobbles, exists at this site. 



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