January 13, 1912.] 



THE 



GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, 



25 



M. Georges Gibault. — The National Horti- 

 cultural Society of France has, upon a report 

 written by M. Ph. de Vilmorin, awarded the 



" Bulletin" of Agricultural Statistics. 



The Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics of the 

 International Agricultural Institute for Decem- 



A " Sleeping •• Oak.— A correspondent to the 



German 



Dendrological Society 



{Mitt. 



d. 



Deutsche?! Dendrolog. GeselL, 1911) records an 

 Gold Medal of the Society to M. Georges ber has just been published. The first part of the interesting case of an Oak which remained 20 

 Gibault for his work Histoire des Legumes, a Bulletin contains tables showing the production months without leaves. A specimen of Red Oak 



review of which appears on p. 19. 



A " Sporting 



■ ■ 



Apple. 



of the more important cereal crops in the North- 

 ern Hemisphere, after making such alterations 

 M. Gustave and additions as have been rendered necessary by 



(Quercus rubra), about 10 feet in height, w T as 

 planted in November, 1909, and remained leafless 

 throughout the following year (1910). It awoke 



Riviere records in the Journal de la Soclete the new official data received at the Institute up in June of the next year (1911), and produced, 

 Nationale d' Horticulture de France (November, to December 19, 1911. The most important addi- after a sleep of 20 months, a healthy crown of 

 1911) the sudden appearance during the past year tions consist in the returns of area and produc- leaves. 



of red fruits on a tree of the Cider Apple Senlis, tion of the cereal crops in Germany, Austria and 



which variety is characterised by yellow fruits. Bulgaria, while the principal alterations refer to 



Mr. Riviere recalls the fact that his father ob- the figures for Russia and the United States, 



served a similar " mutation " in 1871, in the case The second part of the Bulletin contains informa- 



of an Apple of the variety Menagere. In that tion regarding the sowing of winter cereals in 



case also a yellow-fruited tree bore fruits with the Northern Hemisphere. Winter 



dark red skins, side by side with those of the now almost finished; the seeds are, in general, 



sowing 



is 



The Renovation of Poor Pastures. 



Fanners' Bulletin No. 22 of the County Council 

 of the County Palatine of Lancaster contains the 

 report of an experiment carried out at several 

 centres by Messrs. T. Milburn and R. C. Gault, 

 on the modes of renovation of poor pasture land. 



normal yellow colour. 



germinating well, and development is uniform 



The chief conclusions reached 



a result of the 



Further information is given as to the cereal experiments are :— (1) That phosphatic manures 



New Plants Collected for U.S.A.— The crops in the Southern Hemisphere for the crop were the most effective agents in ameliorating 



list of seeds and plants imported October 1 to 

 December 31, 1910, and listed in Bull. No. 227, 



year 1911-12. In Argentine it is expected that 

 the whole of the area sown with Wheat and Oats 



the pastures. (2) That the several phosphatic 

 manures used — basic slag, super-lime and boiled 



Bureau of Plant Industry, contains those col- in that country will be harvested, which means a bones— did equally well. (3) Sowing white Dutch 



lected by Mr. F. N. Meyer in Central Asia. considerable increase over the area harvested in Clover has not proved efficacious in effecting 



Among them, mention may be made of eight new the previous year. The coming Wheat crop in speedy improvement. 



Roses from Russian Turkestan, and of several Australia is estimated at only 79.2 per cent, of 



new species of Cherry. The latter include last year's crop. In Chile, on the contrary, an 



"Le Jardin. 



The 25th volume of Le Jardin 



sterile mountain slopes in Turkestan; Prunus 

 microcarpa, a Cherry which grows as a tall bush 

 up to 10 feet high ; and .several species of 

 Plums, the hardiness and early-fruiting quality 

 of which may render them of value for hybridi- 

 sation. 



establishment is one of the wonders of modern 

 French horticulture. 



Prunus prostrata, a bush Cherry, from 1 foot to out-turn of Wheat 7 per cent, above last year's is dedicated to M. Anatoi.e Cordonnier, the 

 8 feet in height, which grows on stony and production is predicted, and a crop of Barley eminent Grape grower, of Bailleul, whose large 



remarkably above last year's output is expected. 



The harvest estimates in New Zealand are also 



generally good. The most interesting figures of 



Cotton production are those of the United States, 



where the crop is 66,432,073 cwts., or 130.3 per 



cent, of last year's production, and in India, 



where the crop works out at 11,075,450 cwts., or 

 The Sand Dunes of New Zealand.*— The 81 per cent, of last year's crop. The Bulletin 

 problem of reclaiming land for the purposes of also contains information as to the production of 

 cultivation presents aspects of peculiar fascina- 

 tion alike to the botanist, the agriculturist, and of the Northern Hemisphere. The production of 

 the forester; and the special knowledge apper- Sugar is 558,390,447 cwts., or 75.7 per cent, of 

 taining to these several crafts is necessary for last year's production in the following group of 

 successful reclamation. The botanist notes the 11 countries : — Prussia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Den- 

 peculiar local conditions and learns from the mark, France, Hungary (not including Croatia 

 local associations of plants which of the lat- and Slavonia), Italy, Roumania, Russian Empire, 



Sugar Beet and of wine in 1911 in a few countries 



ter to press into his service. 



The agriculturist 



Servia and Canada. The production of wine is 

 2,388,883,156 gallons, or 136.4 per cent, of last 

 year's production in the following group of coun- 

 tries : — Spain, France (43 departments), Hungary 

 (including Croatia and Slavonia), Italy, Luxem- 

 burg, Roumania, Switzerland, Algeria and Tunis. 



The Kingdom of Flowers. — The National 

 New Zealand has produced a valuable report on Geographic Magazine of the United States for 

 the geology, botany, and reclamation of the November, 1911, contains an admirably illus- 

 dune areas of the Dominion. As in Europe, so trated article by Mr. E. H. Wilson on the flora 



may take over the partially reclaimed dune and 

 convert it into remunerative pasture, and the 

 forester must be at hand to form shelter belts 

 and perchance to convert the dune land into 

 forest. Dr. Cockayne combines in himself the 

 qualities of botanist, agriculturist, and forester, 

 and as the result of his practical experience in 



"La Vie a la Campagne." — The issue for 



January 1 of this excellent journal contains a 

 full paged portrait of the great French gardener, 

 Andre Le Notre, with an illustrated article on 

 his gardens. In the same issue there are several 

 other articles of practical interest to horticul- 

 turists. 



Publications Received. — The Housing 



Reformer, vol. L, No. 1. December. (Cardiff: 

 4, Park Place,) Price Id — National Insurance 

 Act. A full explanatory digest by " An Old Par- 

 liamentary Hand." (London: Wm. MacDonald 

 & Co.) Price 6d.— The North of England 

 Horticultural Society. Monthly Magazine and 

 Circular for December. Secretary, The Rev. J. 

 Bernard Hall, Rawdon, Leeds. — Sweet Peas : 

 Cultural Notes by Thomas Stevenson. (Mossley : 

 Hallam's )—7he British Weather Chart, 1912, 

 edited by Miss Jenkins. Price, large size 6d. ; 



small size Id. — The British Astronomical 

 Weather Almanac, 1912, edited by Miss Jen- 

 kins. (London : R. Morgan, 65, Westow Street, 

 Norwood, S.E ) Price 2d. 



of China, bearing the above title. It is almost 

 superfluous to state that the article is as full of 

 interesting information as only an enthusiastic 

 and accomplished traveller could produce. The 

 illustrations are mostly of individual trees and 

 to fix both sand and nitrogen, and so to render scenic ; a few domestic and industrial. All are 

 the soil suitable for pasture grasses. Not any from the author's own photographs. Extracts 

 seed mixture serves, however, for sowing down without the illustrations would have relatively 

 the dune pasture. There the special difficulty to little interest, but it may be noted that " Dr. 

 be overcome is the shifting by winds of the sur- Sargent's enterprise has resulted in the acquisi- 



m New Zealand Marram grass (Ammophila 

 arundinacea) is easily first among sand-building 

 grasses, and is the pioneer in the work of re- 

 clamation. Where it has done its work, Lupinus 

 arboreus, the Tree-Lupin, serves in New Zealand 



THE ROSARY. 



face layers of the sand ; and to this end plants 

 which yield a rich supply of humus are 



tion of some thousands of seedlings, covering 

 about 1,200 species of plants new to cultivation. 



utilized. When they have done their work, These embrace ornamental trees and shrubs, ever- 

 grasses, clovers, and fodder plants may be sown green and deciduous in character ; new Lilies, 

 with good prospects of success. In New Zealand Irises, Paeonies, and other striking herbs ; new 



conifers of probable value as timber trees for 



afforestation work, and many economic plants 



trees valuable to the plant-breeder as a source of new 



races of fruits, more especially berries. These 

 new introductions contain not only new forms of 

 genera already known to us in this country and 



more has been done in the way of establishing 

 dune pastures than in afforestation of these areas. 

 Dr. Cockayne enumerates the various 

 which are capable of growing in the sand of the 

 dunes of the Dominion and the trees, such as 

 species of Vinus and Olearia Traversii, which 



FRAGRANT ROSES. 



I would advise Rose growers to add the new 

 Hvbrid Briar Juliet to their collections, on ac- 

 count of its extraordinary and pleasing fragrance. 

 Apart from this quality, its colour is unique, and 

 I predict for it a future of great popularity. 

 Magna Charta is one of the older types of flower, 

 but this variety also is particularly rich in fra- 

 grance. It is, in point of fact, among Hybrid 

 Perpetuals that we get the most fragrant flowers. 

 Many of the newer H.T. sorts are devoid of scent, 

 and this inevitably lessens their popularity, 

 although it would be difficult to select in any 

 other sections varieties more pleasing than 

 Liberty and Richmond. 



Tbe new Claudius is highly fragrant ; it 



13 



spoken of as a H.T., but to me it has all the 

 appearance of a H.P. However this may be, it 

 is a beautiful variety from every point of view. 

 A. K. Williams, General Jacqueminot, Marie 



may be planted furthest seaward to protect the in Europe, but also several entirely new genera." Baumann, Senateur Vaisse, and Xavier Olibo are 

 more delicate trees, which would in their absence It may be added that Mr. Wilson formed a her- a f ew varieties that occur to my memory as hav- 

 be destroyed by the salt-laden winds. barium of some 50,000 sheets of specimens, which i n g quite distinctive scents. Going further back, 



the old Geant des batailles, Eugene Appert, and 

 Chenedole were remarkable for their fragrance ; 



■ Report on the Dune Areas of New Zealand, &c. % by J. 

 Cockayne. (New Zealand : Department of Lands.) 1911. 



will be distributed to the botanical centres of the 

 world. Truly a grand enterprise ! 



