March 30, 1912.] 







THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE 



197 



garden pattern, where the Roses are not only very 

 closely pruned every spring, but where all super- 

 fluous growths are also stopped during the early 

 summer, shows usually plants which, though 

 healthy, are small in size compared with Roses 

 lass vigorously restricted, such as is generally 

 the case in a garden where effective garden 

 decoration is the chief consideration. 



Messrs. Jamain and Forney long ago pointed 

 out that the best flowers are, as a rule, obtained 

 by pruning in such a way as to obtain two good 

 shoots from the pruned stem and no more ; and 

 in pruning Roses, such as the Hybrid Perpetuals 

 and many of the Hybrid Teas, to secure exhibi- 

 tion Roses this is doubtless a point to be borne 







in mind. If the stem is left longer than neces- 

 sary it will, it is true, only give two good flower- 

 ing branches, and therefore reasonable pruning 

 should consist in finding the two first buds that 

 are well placed on the stem. If the buds selected 



pruning to push out too early. Rational prun- 

 ing for dwarf Roses for the production of perfect 

 flowers lies between these extremes. 



But exhibition Roses in our gardens are now- 

 adays a comparatively restricted class, while our 

 garden and bedding Roses, climbers, pillar and 

 bush Roses belong to many different types. From 

 the point of view of the primer, they may be 

 divided at once into two great classes : (1) Roses 

 which, like the H.P.s, will flower well though 

 cut hard back, and (2) Roses which if cut down 

 to the ground in the spring would flower little 

 or not at all during the ensuing season, though 

 they would probably make strong and vigorous 

 growth. The first group includes the H.P.s, 

 H.T.s, most of the Teas, the Chinas, Rugosas, 

 and dwarf Polyanthas. The second group 

 includes climbing Roses, the Multifloras, Wichu- 

 raianas, Moschatas, Noisettes, Hybrid Chinas, 

 the Dijon Teas, probably a few Hybrid Teas of 

















i 



■ 





FlG. 85. — ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM " SAMUEL GRATRIX. 



(Received R.H.S. First-class Certificate on the 19th inst.) 



»t 



are too high up en the stem we shall either get a 

 long and bare, woody stem, and the plant will be 

 enfeebled and become unsightly, or we may have 

 below the two main shoots some twiggy growths 

 of little value for the production of good flowers. 

 Besides this, the subsequent production of young 

 wood from the base will be discouraged, and we 

 shall have a difficulty in finding young ripened 

 fthoots to rely on in the following year. 



By going to the other extreme and pruning 

 too closely, the dormant buds at the base of the 

 Plant a*e excited too early, and we get gross 

 &Joots which do not produce the best flowers. 

 Many have watched the development of the 



^Z!!t ,° n the t0 P of the rank autumnal 

 growths from the base of Roses like the Duke of 



J^inburgh, expecting a flower of unusual ex- 

 ^euence, and found that the result has been a 



mSt H°i l00m; even so wiU k be if the dor - «*■ *" * 



duos at the base are forced by too close shoots, or shortening 



very strong growth, and practically all the sum- 

 mer-flowering Roses. 



The first group flower twice or oftener during 

 the year and are called autumnals ; the second 

 group have only one true flowering period, 

 though flowers are in some cases produced spas- 

 modically till the frosts come. Both are alike 

 in producing their flowers on growths of the 

 current year proceeding from stems one or more 

 years old, but if both classes were pruned in the 

 same manner disaster would probably result. 



In both cases we shall keep two definite objects 

 in view — the prevention of overcrowding and 

 the renewal of the plant by the production of 

 young wood, and in both cases we may freely 

 thin out wood more than one year old where 

 there is ripe young wood to take its place ; but 

 whilst in the first group we may also encourage 

 fresh growth either by bending down the long 



them in the second 



group, the latter plan is not open to us, because 

 in shortening to any great extent, we should cut 

 off nearly all the Sowers, 

 then, the thinning 



out 



In the second group, 

 of old wood must be 



freely resorted to, and the young stems retained 



either their whole length or but 



ened. 



And here we may notice 

 tinction among the Roses of the 

 In 



slightly short- 

 a further dis- 



second group, 

 the Multiflora and Wichuraiana types the 

 year-old growths will break readily alf up their 

 stems producing flowering laterals, even when 

 tied to pillars or pergolas, while the Noisettes, 

 Dijon Teas and strong-growing Hybrid Teas if 

 tied up erect will flower chiefly at the top, and 

 leave the base bare and flowerless. This will 

 not be the case if the stems can be trained fan- 

 wise or bent right down; so some precaution of 

 this kind must be taken, if it be only for a short 

 time in the spring, until the buds towards the 

 base of the long stems havs started into growth, 

 after w T hich the stems may be trained upright 

 again if desired. In the Roses of the first group 

 pruning may be utilised in an interesting manner 

 to secure a longer succession of flowers. If we 

 take the Chinas for instance, a bush left entirely 



will flower 10 davs to 



unpruned 

 earlier than 



one which has been 



a fortnight 

 cut to the 



ground, so with the Rugosa and many others. If, 

 then, we have two groups of China Roses and 

 prune one S3verely, leaving the other untouched, 

 by the time the unpruned group is past its best 

 the second group will be in flower, and a pro- 

 longation of the flowering obtained. With the 

 H.P.s and some of the H.T.s, we may to some 

 extent secure this on the same plant by pruning 

 some stems severely and pegging down two of 

 the longest stems. The stems pegged down 

 usually flower first and may then be removed, 

 allowing the others to develop. 



Experiments in pruning are always interesting, 

 and with many of the newer Roses very neces- 

 sary, for we know little about them at present. 

 Mme. Hector Lieulliot is an instance in point ; 

 most of us have treated it like an ordinary Hybrid 

 Tea, and have been disposed to reject it for 

 its want of freedom in flowering, but, doubtless 

 by experiment, Mr. G. M. Taylor has succeeded 

 in flowering it freely, and from the pictures of 

 a group of this Rose in Sir Rufus Isaacs's garden, 

 which recently appeared in this journal and seem 

 conclusive as to its powers of flowering when 

 properly treated, this Rose would seem to require 

 management after the fashion of the Noisettes. 

 White Rose. 



ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS. 



ODONTOGLOSSUM JASPER. 



Our illustration (fig. 84) represents the hybrid 

 Odontoglossum raised by crossing a spotted 

 variety of 0. crispum w T ith O. amabile (crispum 

 X crispo-Harrvanum). It was shown by J. S. 

 Moss, Esq., Wintershill, Bishop's Waltham (gr. 

 Mr. Kench), at the Royal Horticultural Society's 

 meeting on March 5 last. The hybrid was ori- 

 ginally raised by Messrs. Charlas worth & Co., who 

 succeeded in flowering a large number of plants 

 which varied somewhat in tint, some resembling 

 O. Fascinator (crispum x Adrianae) and all hav- 

 ing the equally distributed spotting characteristic 

 of that hybrid. The variety now illustrated is one 

 of the best forms yet seen, its attractive flowers 

 being of good shape and of a delicate pink ground 

 colour, evenly spotted with reddish-brown; the 

 front of the lip is white, and tha crest dark -yellow. 



ODONTOGLOSSUM CRISPUM "SAMUEL 



GRATRIX." 



85 we illustrate the handsome form 



shown bv Samuel 



In 



of 



fig 



by 



Whallev 



at 



Range, 

 the Roval 



Odontoglossum crispum 

 Gratrix, Esq., West Point, 

 Manchester (gr. Mr. Brown), 

 Horticultural Society's meeting on March 19. 

 The great interest shown in the plant plainly 

 indicated that good and distinct forms of this 

 Orchid are as popular as ever. The plant has 



