212 



THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. 



[March 30, 1912. 



Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices. 



s.d. s.d. 



Apples (English 



cookers) bushel 6 0-12 



— Nova Scotian, 

 per barrel 



— Call forniau 

 Newtowos, pr. 



17 0-22 



6 0-80 



• • - 



— (Canadian), per 



barrel ... 



— Oregon (Hood 

 River), per 



case — 



— American, per 



barrel ... 



— Australian per 



case ... 

 Bananas, bunch: 



— Doubles 



— No. 1 „ 



— Extra ... 



— Giant ,, ... 



— Loose, per dz. 



— Red coloured. .. 

 Jamaica Giants, 



»er ton 



amaica Ordi- 

 nary, per box 

 (9 doz.) 

 Cranberries, per 

 case (30 qts.)~. 



— Cape Cod, per 

 case (30 quarts) 



Dates (Tunis) doz. 



boxes . 

 Grape Fruit, case : 



— 96"s ... 



— fcO's ... 



— 64's ... 



— 54's ... 

 Grapes (English), 



per lb. : 



— Black Alicante 



— GrosCoIman .. 



.. 20 



.. 16 0-18 6 



;r 



.. 20 0-32 



r 



. 14 6-25 



10 



8 



10 



14 



6- 



12 

 10 

 12 U 



18 

 1 



s.d. s.d. 



4 — 



6 0-10 



10-1 6 



... 52 6 



Limes, per case ... 

 Mangoes, per do/. 



Melons (Cap 3 1 



Nuts, Almoud^.per 

 bag 



— Brazils, new, 



per cwt. ...85 0-100 



— Spanish, per 



sack 40 0-42 



— Barcelona, bag 35 6-36 6 

 Nuts, Chestnuts, 



per bag ... B 6-19 



— Cocoanuts, 100 18 0-23 



— English Cobs 



... 03 - 



per lb.... 

 Walnut s 

 (Naples) 



dried, 



kiln 

 C w t. 



• • • 



54 



I 



5 6-66 

 £10-jei2 





... 4 0-50 



10 11 

 96 - 

 4 6-56 



6 6-70 

 6 0-70 



9 0-10 



15 0-16 



16 0-34 

 10 12 



96 - 

 8 0-90 



6-36 



16 0-18 6 



15 0-18 



14 0-20 



2 3-30 

 2 0-36 



13-20 



— (Belgian), Gros 



Colman, p. lb. 



— Almeria, p.brl. 11 6-15 6 



Per dozen lbs. 4 0-60 



— (Cape) per case 



— „ White... 



— „ Red ... 



Lemons : 



— (Naples), case 26 0-30 



— Messina.p.case 7 6-17 



4 0-50 



5 0-60 

 5 0-70 



Nuts, French Gren- 

 obles, per bag 



— Boeris, per bag 

 Oranges, Jamaica 



per case 



— Californian ... 



— Denia, case ... 



— Valencia 



— Jaffa, per case 



— Blood, per case 



— Mandarins, 



per box 



— Bitter, per j 

 chest 



— Seville Sour 

 J chest 



Pears (Californian), 



r er case ... 10 6 16 6 



— Glou Morceau 11 6-12 6 



— Easter Beurre 8 6 — 



— Winter Nelis 12 6-13 6 



— (American) per 

 barrel, 180 lbs. 25 0-26 



— cases 7 — 



— (Cape) 



Pineapples, St. 



Michael 

 Pines Cape), each 

 Plums (Cape), per 



case 



— Apple, per box 

 Straw oerries, p. lb.: 



— A quality 



— B quality 



4 0-60 



2 6-50 

 6-09 



4 0-60 

 6 0-80 



8 0-10 



3 0-50 



Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices. 



5 



Artichokes(Globe), 

 er dozen 



erusalem, per 



\ bushel 

 Asparagus, Sprue. 



— Lauris 



— Paris Green ... 



— (English), per 

 bundle 



Beans, Guernsey, 

 Dwarf, per lb. 



— French, per 

 packet, lb. 



Beetroot, p. bshl. : 



— Long 



Broccoli, sprout- 

 ing, per bag 



Celeriac, per doz. 

 Cabbages (French) 

 per dozen 



— (English), 

 tally ... 



— Cornish, 

 dozen ... 



Cauliflowers, p. dz. 



— (Italian), p. pad 



— (Cornish), per 

 crate 



Celery, doz. bndls. 



— (washed), per 

 dozen bundles 



Carrots (English), 

 pr. doz. bun.... 



— per cwt. 



— (washed) p. bag 

 Chicory, per lb. .. 

 Cucumbers, p. doz. 

 Kmlive, per dozen 

 Greens, per bag ... 

 Herbs (sweet), 



pkts., p. gross 



per 

 per 



s.d. s.d. 

 3 0-40 



1 — 

 10-1 



2 6-36 



30 - 



2 0-80 



10-13 



16-19 



2 6-80 



2 0-30 

 2 6-30 



2 6-30 



6 0-10 



10-18 

 2 0-30 

 2 0-30 



5 0-76 



6 0-10 



10 0-18 



s.d. s.d. 



10 0-14 

 1 6 — 



9-13 

 4 0-50 



Horseradish, 12 



bundles 

 Leeks, per doz. ... 

 Lettuce (French), 



per doz. 

 Mint, per dozen 



bunches 



Mushrooms, culti- 

 vated, p. lb ... 7-09 



Mustardand Cress, 



pr. dz. punnets 

 Onions (Dutch) per 



bag 



— English 



— (Spanish), per 



10-16 



7 0-86 



8 0-90 



2 6- 



3 6 

 0- 

 4 



0- 

 



6 



4 







•1 

 2 



9 



3 

 4 

 5 





 6 

 



4 



2 6-36 

 7 — 



Parsley, J sieve ... 



— per doz. bun. 

 Parsnips, per bag 

 Peas(French\n. pad 



— (Guernsey \ lb. 

 Radishes (English), 



per dozen 

 Rhubarb, forced, 

 per 12 bundles 



— Outdoor, per 

 dozen 



^avoys, per tally . 



Spinach, pr. bshl. 



Seakale, p. punnet 



Tomatos (Canary 

 Islands), per 

 bundle 



Turnips (English), 

 perdz. bunches 



— Dags (washed) 



— (unwashed) ... 



Turnip Tops, per 



bag ... 

 Watercress, p. dz. 



bunches 



9 0-10 

 16 - 



2 6-30 



4 6-50 



5 0-60 



3 0-36 



13-16 

 8-10 



2 6 — 

 10 0-12 



3 4 

 8-0 10 



10 0-12 



2 6-30 



4 0-46 

 8 0-36 



2 0-26 



4-06 



Ri^iarks. — Supplies of English hothouse Grapes are 

 limi'id, but Cap j Grapes, black, white and red varieties, are 

 plentiful. Supplies of Belgi in Gros Colman Grapes continue 

 a fairly good supply. Three cargoes of Australian Apples 

 have arrived, the con-ignments consisting of about 40.000 

 boxes; there were also a few Pears and other fruits. The 

 s.s. " Suffolk M and '* Orsova " are due this week, the former 

 with 4,000 and the latter 18,000 boxes of Apples, &c. Ship- 

 meats of fruit from Qthe; sources consisted of 8.000 to 

 9,0**0 barrels and boxes. English Apples are limited to a few 

 fruits of Bramley's Seedling. Hothouse Strawberries s'iow 

 a marked increase in supply ; there is a considerable depre- 

 ciation in their prices compared with last week. About 

 12,00 boxes of fruit have been received from the Cape, 

 consisting princip illy of Grapes in an excellent condition. 

 Shipment; from the Canary Islands amounted to 5,000 odd 

 packages of Tomatos, Bananas and Potatos. Forced 

 Vegetables fi«»m France and the Channel Islands continue 

 a good supply all round. Home-grown vegetables are a 

 shorter supply vr'vh the exception of Seakale, wnich has 

 been much in excess of the demand. New Brazil Nuts 

 have made their appearance this week, their size and 

 quality are excellent. E. H, R. t Coveni Garden, March 

 *7, 1912. 



Fotatos. 



per cwt. 

 s.d. s.d. 



per cwt. 



Kents— 



Queen's ... 

 Up-to-Date 

 Lincolns — 

 Up-to-Date 

 British Queen 

 King Edward 

 Northern Star 

 Evergoods 



Teneriffe ... 



4 

 4 



4 6 



4 6 



3 9-46 



3 9-43 



4 0-46 



2 9-36 



3 0-39 



New Potatos. 



10 6-14 | Algerian 



Lincolns — 



Maincrops 

 Blacklands 



s.d. 



... 4 3- 



... 3 u- 



s.d. 



4 6 

 3 3 



Bedfords - 



Up-to-Date 



... 3 9- 



4 



Dunbars— 



Up-to-Date 

 Maincrop 



... 5 0- 

 ... 5 o- 



5 3 

 5 6 



... 12 0-14 



Remarks.— The condition of the Potato trade is the same 

 as last week, with no differences in the prices for old tubers. 

 Supplies are plentiful. Edward /. Newborn, Covent Garden 

 and St. Pancras, March 27 % 1911. 



Proposed Municipal Vegetable Market 



for Edinburgh.— Councillor Rose delivered an address 

 on " The Necessity for a Municipal Fruit, Flower, and 

 Vegetable Market" to a meeting of the South Side Mer- 

 chants' Association, held in the Livingstone Hall, Edinburgh, 

 on the 11th inst. Mr. T. M. Sleigh, J. P., president, occupied 

 the chair. Councillor Rose said that a municipal market 

 would bring new business and increase the assessable 

 rental of the city. It would meet a long-felt want on the 

 part of producers and distributors. Fresh material could 

 be had every day, and less risks and loss incurred than at 

 present. Encouragement would be given to people engaged 

 in one of the healtniest and moit interesting occupations, 

 namely, the fruit and vegetable trade. 



ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



Caseations : South Stafford. The plants are 

 free from either eelworm or fungous disease. 

 The trouble must be looked for in some error 

 of culture. 



Cinerarias: I. L. The photograph is indis- 

 tinct; but, judging from the display of blooms, 

 the plants are excellent specimens. 



Cocoons on Dwarf Japanese Trees -.0.0. The 

 curious and beautifully-protected cocoons sent 

 to us for identification are tenanted by a cater- 

 pillar or " basket-worm/ ' belonging to the 

 Psychidae, a family of moths in which the sexes 

 are remarkably dissimilar in form ; the females 

 are wingless and often quite maggot-like, while 

 the male is provided with ample wings like 

 those of other members of this group of insects. 

 The females never leave their cocoons or 

 " cases," but lay their eggs inside them and 

 then die. The young caterpillar on escaping 

 from the interior constructs a covering of silk 

 into which it generally weaves or attaches 

 portions of the food-plant. One of the African 

 species employs the long, sharp spines of 

 Acacia horrida, and when these are packed 

 tightly together and lying side by side they 

 bear a striking resemblance to a basket in 

 miniature, hence the name " basket-worm " or 

 " case-bearer.' ' We advise you to have 

 the infested plants thoroughly fumigated 

 with hydrocyanic acid gas, as although the 

 insects are not likely to reproduce their species 

 in captivity, they might, if liberated, prove a 

 serious pest to Larch and other Conifers in this 

 country. The injury to the twig is un- 

 doubtedly the work of the imprisoned larvae. 



A. R. See Gardeners' 

 28 and February 4, 1911, 



Fruit Tree Stocks 



Chronicle, January 

 pp. 58, 76. 



Ginsing : Auckland. Ginsing (Aralia quinque- 

 folia) is not cultivated for commercial purposes 

 in England. The plant is grown in Kew gar- 

 dens, but does not thrive there. It favours 

 high and dry land in woods, and does not suc- 

 ceed in swampy situations. Wild plants are 

 stated to yield better results than those in 

 cultivation, as it takes five years to grow the 

 root from seed for market. Full particulars on 

 the subject will be found in " Sang or Ginsing," 

 a leaflet published by Harlan P. Kelsey, Tre- 

 mont Building, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A., 

 price 10 cents. 



Gramme and Samphire : B. <fc W. (1) The seeds 

 are those of the Chick Pea or common Gram, an 

 annual extensively cultivated in India in the 

 Northern Provinces and in the Nilgiris. The 

 ripe, unhusked seeds are largely used for feed- 

 ing horses and cattle in many parts of that 

 country; the seeds, after parching, grinding, 

 steeping, or the removal of the husks, form an 

 important food in some districts, chiefly of the 

 labouring classes. For an analysis of the seeds, 

 see Food Grains of India, by A. H. Church. 

 (2) Several plants are known under the name 

 of Samphire, but from the description furnished 

 there is little doubt that the Marsh Samphire 



(Salicornia herbacea) is the one you refer to. 

 This plant is sometimes pickled, and 

 formerly burnt for obtaining barilla. 



Manure for Palms : W. Morris. 



was 



The best 



stimulant, for Palms in pots is liquid manure 

 made from cow dung and soot. 



Mushrooms : A. W. The Mushrooms are 

 affected with the disease riypomvces penucio- 

 sus. Sometimes the spawn is infected before 

 it is placed in the Mushroom bed ; in such cases 

 when the spawn commences to " run," the 

 threads have a fluffy appearance. Under these 

 circumstances, the entire bed should be re- 

 moved before the parasite produces spores, 

 otherwise if the house becomes thoroughly in- 

 fected the disease will be very difficult to 

 eradicate. All infected Mushrooms should be 

 removed as soon as the slightest symptoms are 

 discerned. Great care should be taken in 

 cleansing the tools, boots, and clothing after 

 removing the soil and manure from the in- 

 fected bed. When a house or other structure 

 in which Mushrooms are grown has become in- 

 fected, it should be emptied, and sprayed 

 everywhere three times at intervals of 10 days 

 with a solution of sulphate of copper, using 

 1 lb. of the sulphate to 15 gallons of water. 



Names of Fruits : Coombes. Northern Spy.— 

 JF. Wilson. 1, Lord Lennox; 2, Newton 

 Wonder ; 3, Dean's Codlin ; 4, Grange's Pear- 

 main ; 5, Beauty of Kent ; 6, Forge ; 7, Flower 

 of Kent; 8, Gloria Mundi. — H. P. Rvmer.— 

 T . Taylor. Franklin's Golden Pippin. — 



Names of Plants: Hugh L. Roxburgh. Saxi- 

 fraga Sancta. — A. H. L. Primula viscosa. — 

 Hibernian. Your box contained leaves of two 

 Dracaenas and one Codiseum, also flowers of 

 Cymbidium aloifolium and a species of Eupa- 

 torium. Not being numbered, we regret it is 

 impossible to indicate the names more defi- 

 nitely. — E. J. W. 1, Cypripedium villosum ; 

 2, Omphalodes verna (the small blue flower) ; 3, 

 Pulmonaria officinalis. — H. H. Dendrobium 

 fimbriatum oculatum. — J. M. 1, Calanthe 

 Bryan ; 2, Selaginella caesia ; 3, Codiseum \Veis- 

 mannii ; 4, C. reticulatum ; 5, C. longifolium ; 

 6, C. chrysophyllum ; 7 (or 1), Pulmonaria 

 saccharata; 8, Marguerite. The numb is 

 were scarcely recognisable. — Gaslight. 1, 

 Maranta Regalis ; 2, Episcia f ulgida ; 3. 

 Abutilon megapotamicum variegatum ; 4, Con- 

 volvulus Cneorum ; 5, Melianthus major : 6. 

 Eucalyptus species.— H. R. 1, (medium 

 pubes ; 2, Octomeria diaphana ; 3, Bulbophyl- 

 lum lilacinum; 4, Dendrobium luteolum ; 5, 

 Epidendrum oncidioides.— E. T. Cypripedium 

 Madiotianum (Chamberlainianum X villosum), 

 Saxifraga species ; send when in flower.— 

 R. P. M. Mackaya bella.— Foreman. Lorn 

 cera involucrata. 



Peach Leaves Diseased: F. Wil*±< 



are affected with the silver-leaf disease 

 Gardeners' Chronicle, November 12, 1910, p. 

 356. 



Peach Leaves with Holes: E. D. The holes 

 are caused by the shot-hole fungus (Cercospora 

 circumscissa). On account of the very tender 

 nature of the leaves, spray the trees with tne 

 self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture. The propor- 

 tions of the mixture are : lime 8 lbs-., sulpnur 

 8 lbs., and 50 gallons of water. The nnw 

 should be slaked with water and the sulpnu 

 added afterwards as a fine powder, mixi 

 enough water to make the lime into a pa« _ 

 The mixture should be constantly stirred aur 

 ing the time it is applied. . 



Soil from a Vine Border : F. B., Sparhswoo^ 

 The soil is of a heavy nature, and not the ° 

 for a vine border. The fact of the b« 

 shanking points to some wrong condition in 

 rooting medium, and most probably tne 

 age is at fault. Efficient drainage is "P*^. 

 necessarv when the soil is of a heavy ,^ 



and a stagnant condition at the roots v ^ 

 not be remedied b V a surface appwa" « 

 fresh compost. In the autumn, when tne ^ 

 are dormant, overhaul the border, im» r^ 

 roots so as to get down to the drainage- ^ 

 the article on the cultivation Of *™*V 1 q3. 

 Glass " in the issue for February 17, pag^ g 



Ccm-ninications Rzceived. ,— *•> £" .' r. E- ^ X 



B ; ck»nham_Mashrooms_M. B. <>., Hens— „ _j>. B- 



E. H., Keswick- W. C., atrond—Apple—* •"' } yf B- 



_F. C. E._M. L. B._T. R. «-*■• T p - " JT-*.. « " 



T. M -Mali ■ & £ - E b- 



W. A. M -rL.nfc) 



The leaves 



See 





_T. G. H. H __H. A. M- 



B. & Son*_M. C. Gaud— B. T- 



J. G._T. S.-G. M._ A. H. H., W. Indies (many 



thai 



•*» 



V. B. 



