23G 



THE GARDENERS' 



CHR NICE E. 



[April 13, 1912. 



however, necessary in identifying Elms by means 

 of leaves to know which kind of leaf is under 

 observation— whether a normal leaf, or a sucker- 

 leaf, and so on— and to compare it only with the 

 corresponding kind of leaf. 



Key and Conspectus of British Elms. 



In the following conspectus an asterisk (*) in 

 front of the name indicates that the tree is not 

 ftuligenous in the British Isles, a dagger (t) that 

 the tree is doubtfully indigenous. The Wych 

 Elm (U. glabra Hudson) is indigenous throughout 

 the British Isles (except, perhaps, in East 

 Anglia); and U. nitens Moench and U. sativa 



II. 

 Tree very tall at maturity ; bole long, straight ; 

 lower branches§ wide-spreading; crown large; 

 samara small (about * inch long), suborbicular; 

 laminae always hairy or rough above, of the 

 terminal leaves rather large (about 3^ inches long 

 and 2 broad) and acute-acuminate, of the remain- 

 ing leaves of each branchlet shorter, suborbicular ; 



inch long, hairy), t U. cam- 



i 



3 



petioles about 



pestris L. 



Normal leaves smooth or glabrous above. 



III. 



III. 



Samarse and laminae of the terminal leaves as 



Miller are indigenous in South-eastern England broad as or nearly as broad as those of the Wycfe 







t 



l 



Fig. io6. — ulmus campestris variety viminalis loudon.' 



From a photograph of a specimen in Cambridge University Herbarium, by Lindley 



(The line represents a scale of one inch.) 



and in the Eastern Midlands. U. sativa Miller 

 is also possibly indigenous in Hampshire and 

 Glamorganshire ; L. and x U. hollandica seems 

 to be indigenous in a wood in western Cam- 

 bridgeshire, and no doubt elsewhere. 



I. 



crown very large ; laminae acute-acuminate, of the 

 terminal leaves about 5 inches long; petiole* 

 about i inch long, usually hairy. *U. glabra x 

 nitens— (b) x U. vegeta. 



V. 



Tree tall at maturity; bole long, straighri; 

 lower branches wide-spreading; crown rather 

 large ; samara small, rather less than £ inch 

 broad, obovate ; laminae acute or acuminate, very 

 smooth and shiny above, of the terminal leaves 

 about 3J> to 4^ inches long and about 2 broad; 

 petiole about ^ inch long, glabrous at maturity. 

 U. nitens Moench. 



Tree small ; laminae of the terminal leaves short, 

 less than 2J inches long. VI. 



VI. 



Tree not pyramidal; lower branches wide- 



spreading ; crown usually small, sometimes rather 



large when the upper branches of old trees are 



very tortuous ; winter buds usually smaller than 



in any other Elm ; this and U. stricta are the last 



Elms to come into flower ; samara small, narrower 



than in any other British Elm, being only about 



3-10ths inch wide, oblong-elliptical ; laminae acute 



or subobtuse, never acuminate, of the terminal 



leaves about 2 to 2| inches long or even shorter, 



and about 1£ to 1£ broad ; petiole about £ inch 



long, usually rather hairy and rough. U. sativa 



Miller. 



Tree pyramidal; branches fastigiate or sub- 



fastigiate. VII. 



VII. 



Branches fastigiate ; samarae about £ inch wide, 

 slightly obovate ; laminae about as broad as in U. 

 sativa Mill., each half bent inwards or upwards 

 on the midrib (when fresh), subcoriaceous ; petiole 

 as in U. sativa Mill. tU. stricta Lindley. 



Branches subfastigiate ; laminae flat, broader 

 (about If to 1| inch broad) than in U. stricta 

 Lindley. *U. stricta var. sarniensis Moss. G. £. 

 Moss, D.Sc. 



Tree without 

 bark ; branches 



of tree 



rarely 



1 inch 



crown 



suckers and without suberous 



more or less arched ; 



stamens usually five 



seven ; samara large 



seed in the centre ; 



usually 

 large ; 

 four 



or 



long), 



or six, 



(about 



laminae always rough above and acuminate, of 

 the terminal leaves large (about 5 inches long and 

 nearly 3 broad), almost sessile. U. glabra Hudson. 

 Tree with suckers ; bark suberous or not ; 

 stamens usually four ; seed usually between 

 centre of samara and the notch. II. 



Elm (U. glabra Hudson) ; position of seed 

 variable. IV (Hybrid Elms). 



Samarse and laminae of the terminal leaves 

 much narrower than in the Wych Elm (U. glabra 

 Hudson) ; seed between centre of samara and the 



notch. V. 



IV. 



Bole usually short; lower branches wide- 

 spreading and usually very long ; crown very 

 large ; laminae acute, of the terminal leaves about 

 4 inches long ; petioles nearly ^ inch long, hairy. 

 U. glabra x nitens — (a) x U. hollandica. 



Bole usually short ; all the main branches of 

 young trees ascending at a very acute angle ; 



§ The lower branches of hedgerow trees are usually 

 lopped ; and thus the typical habit is destroyed. In some 

 districts, e.g., in Brittany, the branches are lopped almost 

 from foot to crown ; and then the precise determination of 

 the tree is a matter of difficulty. 



THE ROSARY. 



CAROLINE TESTOUT AND ITS SPORTS. 



The variety Mme. Caroline Testout, although 

 raised and put into commerce over 20 years 

 ago, is still one of the most popular garden 

 Roses, holding its own as a favourite, 

 an annual accession of new vaneties. i» 

 suitability for culture in almost any garden; 

 its refined and delicate colouring and us 

 delicious fragrance are qualities that ex- 

 plain its popularity. Mme. Caroline Testout 

 has given us several sports, amongst wnicn 

 are Admiral Dewey (Taylor, 1899), a silvery- 

 pink Rose of somewhat variable colouring, 

 and James Ferguson (Ferguson, iawj> 

 flesh-pink variety which received a f" ver X. 

 Medal from the National Rose Society. in» 

 latter variety appears to be almost smiua 

 to a sport of German origin named U wstdu b 

 meister Dr. Troendlin (E. Kaiser, 1904), diu 

 my experience of James Ferguson has d 

 limited to ™« season onlv. and a not, "J _* 



Rose 



mere is an upemug i«i •» i^""~--> ,.- fr p «tou& 



in that section, and White Caroline lejg^ 

 seems destined to occupy this position. her 

 Killarney, also the asexual offspring or ^^ 

 popular garden Rose, is a beautiful _ ai Caroline 

 member of this class. Although vvnue ^^ 

 Testout has not yet been thoroughly i» gX . 



glass for pot culture, it has, sofr k ^ 

 pectations, and it may be considerea «j p tinen . 

 able for this purpose. This sport is or jn 



tal origin, having occurred a year or i Hol . 



the nursery of a small grower o * ™r? 

 land. George M. Taylor, Mid-Lothian. 



